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Background <p>Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in conjunction with sevoflurane administration for general anesthesia is rarely described in the literature. It is likely related to localized pulmonary vasculitis with physical disruption of the alveolar–capillary interface.</p> Methods <p>We searched electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed e-Pubs, and The Cochrane Library—CENTRAL) using specific keywords.</p> Results <p>A total of 11 cases have been reported to date. A comprehensive review of the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data from these cases was conducted. Proposed mechanisms of DAH in this context were identified, and their management implications were highlighted.</p> Conclusion <p>DAH associated with sevoflurane is an overlooked but critical entity for anesthesia clinicians to recognize. Prompt recognition and management, after ruling out other causes, are essential for optimal patient outcomes.</p>

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Sevoflurane-Induced Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage: A Descriptive Analysis of All Cases Reported in the Literature

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月8日

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  • Wesam F. Mousa,
  • Omar W. Mousa,
  • Mohamad W. Mousa,
  • Huda Hamoda,
  • Ahmad Weam,
  • Ahmad Mulla,
  • Nashwa Noreldin

摘要

Background

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in conjunction with sevoflurane administration for general anesthesia is rarely described in the literature. It is likely related to localized pulmonary vasculitis with physical disruption of the alveolar–capillary interface.

Methods

We searched electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed e-Pubs, and The Cochrane Library—CENTRAL) using specific keywords.

Results

A total of 11 cases have been reported to date. A comprehensive review of the demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data from these cases was conducted. Proposed mechanisms of DAH in this context were identified, and their management implications were highlighted.

Conclusion

DAH associated with sevoflurane is an overlooked but critical entity for anesthesia clinicians to recognize. Prompt recognition and management, after ruling out other causes, are essential for optimal patient outcomes.