Pediatric Trauma Assessment, Resuscitation, Anesthesia care and Beyond

This review summarizes the updated literature and current management trends on resuscitation and care of injured pediatric patients.

Different triage tools have been applied for pediatric trauma including the shock index pediatric age-adjusted (SIPA). Hemostatic resuscitation (ratio of 1:1–1:2 plasma/platelet: red blood cells) is recommended. Whole blood resuscitation is safe in the pediatric population and might improve survival. More studies are needed on tranexamic acid (TXA), point of care ultrasound (POCUS) and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) in pediatric trauma despite increased use.

Injury is the leading cause of mortality in children and adolescents. Assessment and resuscitation should be systematic. Recent resuscitative advances that may improve outcomes include whole blood and balanced resuscitation. Further research on TXA, POCUS and ECLS in pediatric trauma is required.