Purpose of Review <p>This review will summarize the current indications and future directions for surgical resection of pulmonary metastases in patients with metastatic cancer.</p> Recent Findings <p>Minimally invasive surgical approaches have significantly improved the risk/benefit ratios in patients with metastatic cancer who are candidates for pulmonary metastasectomy. Advancements in diagnostic technologies leveraging novel, patient-specific biomarkers, in conjunction with improved oncologic systemic treatments incorporating chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and checkpoint inhibitors, have facilitated the continued evolution of surgical management in cancer patients with pulmonary metastases.</p> Summary <p>Pulmonary metastases are a common occurrence in cancer patients and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and decreased quality of life. In select patients with cancer metastases limited to the lung, there exists a continuously evolving role for surgical resection with curative intent. Multidisciplinary teams are essential in the identification of patients who will benefit from pulmonary metastasectomy.</p>