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Purpose of Review <p>To provide an overview of the risk, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic evaluation, and management strategies for strabismus occurring after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or vaccination.</p> Recent Findings <p>Emerging evidence indicates that the risk of strabismus following vaccination is lower than the risk associated with COVID-19 infection itself, supporting the continued role of vaccination in mitigating disease burden.</p> Summary <p>Strabismus after COVID-19 infection or vaccination remains exceedingly rare. Given the diverse clinical presentations reported, a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including neuroimaging and assessment for systemic neurologic or immunologic conditions, is warranted. Management should target any underlying disorder identified. Most cases of isolated cranial nerve palsies related to COVID-19 infection or vaccination have shown spontaneous resolution within several months.</p>

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Strabismus Associations with COVID-19 Infection, Vaccination, and Pandemic-Related Factors – A Comprehensive Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Alexander Kwok,
  • Olga C. Salamanca,
  • Davina A. Malek,
  • Paul H. Phillips,
  • Abdelrahman M. Elhusseiny

摘要

Purpose of Review

To provide an overview of the risk, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic evaluation, and management strategies for strabismus occurring after Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or vaccination.

Recent Findings

Emerging evidence indicates that the risk of strabismus following vaccination is lower than the risk associated with COVID-19 infection itself, supporting the continued role of vaccination in mitigating disease burden.

Summary

Strabismus after COVID-19 infection or vaccination remains exceedingly rare. Given the diverse clinical presentations reported, a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including neuroimaging and assessment for systemic neurologic or immunologic conditions, is warranted. Management should target any underlying disorder identified. Most cases of isolated cranial nerve palsies related to COVID-19 infection or vaccination have shown spontaneous resolution within several months.