Updates on Pediatric Glaucoma: Medical and Surgical Interventions

This article provides a comprehensive review of pediatric glaucoma and explores the diverse range of management techniques available for this complex disease.

Recent advancements in medication options, such as Netarsudil and Latanoprostene Bunod, have shown promising results in the adult population. However, their efficacy in pediatric patients remains largely unknown. The Kahook Dual Blade (KDB), extensively studied in adults, has now been compared to traditional goniotomy and trabeculotomy in children, revealing no significant differences. Additionally, innovative approaches like Ologen augmentation, Ahmed ClearPath, XEN gel stent, and a novel polymer-based microshunt are emerging as potential options for the management and treatment of pediatric glaucoma.

Pediatric glaucoma presents ongoing challenges with lifelong implications for affected individuals. Current treatment options, including angle surgeries, intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medications, and glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs), remain the primary strategies. Nevertheless, recent advancements have focused on improving angle surgeries, developing new IOP lowering medications, exploring techniques to enhance the effectiveness of GDDs, and introducing novel implants for more efficient long-term management of this chronic and complex disease.