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<p>Rapid advances in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED) have led to the development of three patient care guidelines by regional professional societies: the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy, the Oculoplastics and Orbital Diseases Group of the Chinese Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch/Thyroid Group of the Chinese Medical Association&#xa0;Endocrinology Branch, and the American Thyroid Association/European Thyroid Association. Although broad consensus can be found across the three guidelines, important differences could affect patient management. This review examines and compares the recommendations of these guidelines across 11 dimensions, from disease diagnosis to treatment strategies. We explore the possible root sources of these variations. The review also suggests future directions and potential implications, thus providing a comprehensive perspective of current and future management of TED.</p>

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Management of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Comparison Between Three Recent Clinical Guidelines

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月16日

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  • Chaoyu Lei,
  • Jun Jin,
  • Runchuan Li,
  • Chee Chew Yip,
  • Kelvin Kam Lung Chong,
  • Terry J. Smith,
  • Jing Sun,
  • Huifang Zhou

摘要

Rapid advances in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid eye disease (TED) have led to the development of three patient care guidelines by regional professional societies: the European Group on Graves’ Orbitopathy, the Oculoplastics and Orbital Diseases Group of the Chinese Medical Association Ophthalmology Branch/Thyroid Group of the Chinese Medical Association Endocrinology Branch, and the American Thyroid Association/European Thyroid Association. Although broad consensus can be found across the three guidelines, important differences could affect patient management. This review examines and compares the recommendations of these guidelines across 11 dimensions, from disease diagnosis to treatment strategies. We explore the possible root sources of these variations. The review also suggests future directions and potential implications, thus providing a comprehensive perspective of current and future management of TED.