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<p>Basaltic residual soils (BRS), widely distributed in tropical and volcanic regions, present low cementation, high porosity, and pronounced water sensitivity, which restrict their use in geotechnical applications. Conventional stabilization with Portland cement or lime has environmental drawbacks associated with high energy demand and CO₂ emissions, motivating the search for sustainable alternatives. This study investigates the stabilization of BRS using an alkali-activated cement (AAC) synthesized from agro-industrial residues: rice husk ash (RHA) as siliceous precursor and hydrated eggshell lime (HEL) as calcium source, activated with NaOH. A full factorial design assessed the influence of binder content (10–25%), dry unit weight (14–15 kN/m³), and curing time (7–28 days) on unconfined compressive strength (UCS), complemented by XRD, FTIR, and leaching analyses. The mixture with 25% AAC at γd = 15 kN/m³ achieved 0.77&#xa0;MPa after 28 days, a 45.3% increase relative to 7 days, due to the progressive formation of N-(A)-S-H and C-(A)-S-H gels. Leaching results classified the material as non-toxic, with effective immobilization of Ba and Pb, and decreasing mobility of Cd and Se with curing time. These findings demonstrate the dual benefit of AAC derived from residues: reducing the environmental burden of waste disposal while providing a technically viable alternative for the stabilization of residual soils in low-structural-demand applications.</p>

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Performance of Alkali-Activated Cement From Rice Husk Ash and Eggshell Lime in Basaltic Residual Soil Stabilization

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月13日

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  • Carolina Menegolla,
  • Mariana Krogel,
  • Jonas Duarte Mota,
  • William Mateus Kubiaki Levandoski,
  • Giovani Jordi Bruschi,
  • Suéllen Tonatto Ferrazzo,
  • Eduardo Pavan Korf

摘要

Basaltic residual soils (BRS), widely distributed in tropical and volcanic regions, present low cementation, high porosity, and pronounced water sensitivity, which restrict their use in geotechnical applications. Conventional stabilization with Portland cement or lime has environmental drawbacks associated with high energy demand and CO₂ emissions, motivating the search for sustainable alternatives. This study investigates the stabilization of BRS using an alkali-activated cement (AAC) synthesized from agro-industrial residues: rice husk ash (RHA) as siliceous precursor and hydrated eggshell lime (HEL) as calcium source, activated with NaOH. A full factorial design assessed the influence of binder content (10–25%), dry unit weight (14–15 kN/m³), and curing time (7–28 days) on unconfined compressive strength (UCS), complemented by XRD, FTIR, and leaching analyses. The mixture with 25% AAC at γd = 15 kN/m³ achieved 0.77 MPa after 28 days, a 45.3% increase relative to 7 days, due to the progressive formation of N-(A)-S-H and C-(A)-S-H gels. Leaching results classified the material as non-toxic, with effective immobilization of Ba and Pb, and decreasing mobility of Cd and Se with curing time. These findings demonstrate the dual benefit of AAC derived from residues: reducing the environmental burden of waste disposal while providing a technically viable alternative for the stabilization of residual soils in low-structural-demand applications.