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<p>With nearly 30% of India’s landmass located in mountainous and geo-hazard-prone terrain, hill road networks often face damage from landslides, rockfall, and extreme weather (heavy rainfall and freeze-thaw cycles) conditions leading to durability and sustainability issues of pavements. In this context, this paper presents a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the potential application of geosynthetics in hill roads subjected to pavement distresses caused by geo-hazards. As a methodology, it first reviews various international and Indian design standards regarding geosynthetic application in pavements, focusing on performance in challenging conditions like landslides and freeze-thaw cycles. Next, it synthesizes literature on geosynthetic types and quantification parameters to identify research gaps and provide recommendations for improved infrastructure durability in mountainous terrains. This study highlights some key performance indicating parameters for geosynthetic-reinforced pavements, including rut depth, resilient modulus, California Bearing Ratio, Traffic Benefit Ratio, among others. The key contribution of this research work lies in providing a unified structure that evaluates geosynthetic performance across mechanical, environmental, and economic dimensions in hill road applications. Thus, this review paper provides valuable insights for the practicing engineers, various transportation agencies, and policymakers considering geosynthetic solutions for hill road projects, and provides a direction for future work on region-specific and climate-responsive sustainable infrastructure development.</p>

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Assessment of Potential Application of Geosynthetics in Hill Roads Subjected to Pavement Distresses Caused by Geo-Hazards: A Comprehensive Review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月30日

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  • Aman Sharma,
  • Mohmmad Umar Rasool,
  • Riya Bhowmik,
  • Prasun Halder

摘要

With nearly 30% of India’s landmass located in mountainous and geo-hazard-prone terrain, hill road networks often face damage from landslides, rockfall, and extreme weather (heavy rainfall and freeze-thaw cycles) conditions leading to durability and sustainability issues of pavements. In this context, this paper presents a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the potential application of geosynthetics in hill roads subjected to pavement distresses caused by geo-hazards. As a methodology, it first reviews various international and Indian design standards regarding geosynthetic application in pavements, focusing on performance in challenging conditions like landslides and freeze-thaw cycles. Next, it synthesizes literature on geosynthetic types and quantification parameters to identify research gaps and provide recommendations for improved infrastructure durability in mountainous terrains. This study highlights some key performance indicating parameters for geosynthetic-reinforced pavements, including rut depth, resilient modulus, California Bearing Ratio, Traffic Benefit Ratio, among others. The key contribution of this research work lies in providing a unified structure that evaluates geosynthetic performance across mechanical, environmental, and economic dimensions in hill road applications. Thus, this review paper provides valuable insights for the practicing engineers, various transportation agencies, and policymakers considering geosynthetic solutions for hill road projects, and provides a direction for future work on region-specific and climate-responsive sustainable infrastructure development.