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<p>Urbanization and growth in population have led to significant horizontal development of cities to meet the increasing demands for accommodation and utilization of land. Though, due to limited availability of land, vertical development has emerged as a needed solution. The criteria for the classification of tall buildings vary across administrations. As per the Government of Gujarat, a building is selected as a high-rise if it either exceeds a height of 100&#xa0;m or has an aspect ratio (height to least lateral dimension) of 9 or more. For such structures, complete geotechnical investigation is critical. Subsurface conditions must be assessed through borehole drilling, and both disturbed and undisturbed samples must be obtained for assessment. A blend of in-situ and laboratory testing is vital for precise determination of the engineering behaviour of soils, rather than relying only on empirical correlations. In addition to the physical testing, numerical modelling of the foundation system is important for predicting structural responses under real loading situations. For the seismic analysis, at least liquefaction assessment should be carried from the Geotechnical Engineer side. Three-dimensional analyses incorporating true column loads and the influence of adjacent structures should be performed for a realistic assessment. Furthermore, foundation design should conservatively assume the groundwater table to be at the raft level to ensure safety. Additionally, Podium effect in the densely clustered structures should carefully be monitored. Adherence to relevant Indian Standards, such as IS 16700:2023, IS 1904:2021, IS 1892:2021, and IS 19117:2025 (Design and construction of combined piled-raft foundations) is necessary for guiding soil exploration protocols and foundation design practices in tall building projects.</p>

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Geotechnical Aspects for Foundations of Tall Buildings in Ahmedabad City

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Chandresh H. Solanki,
  • Bony Shashikumar Sharma,
  • Shashank Singh

摘要

Urbanization and growth in population have led to significant horizontal development of cities to meet the increasing demands for accommodation and utilization of land. Though, due to limited availability of land, vertical development has emerged as a needed solution. The criteria for the classification of tall buildings vary across administrations. As per the Government of Gujarat, a building is selected as a high-rise if it either exceeds a height of 100 m or has an aspect ratio (height to least lateral dimension) of 9 or more. For such structures, complete geotechnical investigation is critical. Subsurface conditions must be assessed through borehole drilling, and both disturbed and undisturbed samples must be obtained for assessment. A blend of in-situ and laboratory testing is vital for precise determination of the engineering behaviour of soils, rather than relying only on empirical correlations. In addition to the physical testing, numerical modelling of the foundation system is important for predicting structural responses under real loading situations. For the seismic analysis, at least liquefaction assessment should be carried from the Geotechnical Engineer side. Three-dimensional analyses incorporating true column loads and the influence of adjacent structures should be performed for a realistic assessment. Furthermore, foundation design should conservatively assume the groundwater table to be at the raft level to ensure safety. Additionally, Podium effect in the densely clustered structures should carefully be monitored. Adherence to relevant Indian Standards, such as IS 16700:2023, IS 1904:2021, IS 1892:2021, and IS 19117:2025 (Design and construction of combined piled-raft foundations) is necessary for guiding soil exploration protocols and foundation design practices in tall building projects.