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<p>We examine the tidal forces exerted by the Bocharova–Bronnikov–Melnikov–Bekenstein (BBMB) black hole and analyze their behavior. Our findings indicate that the radial and angular components of these forces can take both positive and negative values near the black hole, depending on the spacetime parameters. Unlike the Schwarzschild black hole, where the radial tidal force always stretches and the angular tidal force always compresses—both diverging at the event horizon—the BBMB black hole allows for finite tidal forces that can either stretch or compress within the event horizon. Furthermore, we derive the geodesic deviation equations for a freely falling particle and solve them numerically. Our results reveal that the initial position has opposing effects on the magnitudes of the physical quantities related to tidal forces.</p>

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Tidal forces in Bocharova–Bronnikov–Melnikov–Bekenstein spacetime

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Bobur Turimov,
  • Sunnatillo Urinov,
  • Islomkhon Mardiev,
  • Sulton Usanov,
  • Musabek Akylbayev,
  • Rabiga Kenzhebekova

摘要

We examine the tidal forces exerted by the Bocharova–Bronnikov–Melnikov–Bekenstein (BBMB) black hole and analyze their behavior. Our findings indicate that the radial and angular components of these forces can take both positive and negative values near the black hole, depending on the spacetime parameters. Unlike the Schwarzschild black hole, where the radial tidal force always stretches and the angular tidal force always compresses—both diverging at the event horizon—the BBMB black hole allows for finite tidal forces that can either stretch or compress within the event horizon. Furthermore, we derive the geodesic deviation equations for a freely falling particle and solve them numerically. Our results reveal that the initial position has opposing effects on the magnitudes of the physical quantities related to tidal forces.