<p>This study investigates the structural properties and variance of the even-even Platinum isotopes, specifically the <sup>186</sup>Pt, <sup>188</sup>Pt, <sup>190</sup>Pt, and <sup>192</sup>Pt nuclei. These nuclei reside in a crucial transitional region of the nuclear chart, making the characterization of their shape evolution and symmetry particularly important in nuclear structure physics. A comprehensive methodology combining both experimental data analysis and theoretical calculations was employed. The experimental analysis utilized a set of robust signature indicators, including the energy ratio (R<sub>4/2</sub>) to define the nuclear nature (vibrational, rotational, or transitional). The phenomenon of backbending was studied by drawing the plot of the moment of inertia versus the square of the rotational frequency which also gave crucial information about the development of nuclear shape with the increase in spin. Moreover, Energy-Gamma-over-Spin (E-GOS) curves were examined to provide concrete qualitative indicators concerning the transitional character of considered nuclei. To supplement the results, Interacting Boson Model (IBM-1) was applied effectively to calculate the energy levels using theoretical methods and it was found that there was good consistency between the experimental results and the calculated theoretical values. All the independent methods show similar results that the <sup>186−192</sup>Pt isotopes have a definite shape transformation. It is strongly implied by the analysis that these nuclei gradually evolve towards an almost vibrational (U(5)) symmetry to a gamma-unstable (O(6)) symmetry as neutron number increases. This methodological consensus confirms the transitional character of these isotopes and can be in favor of the supposition of a regular development of their nuclear structure.</p>

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The variation of the properties of Pt even–even isotopes: theoretical and experimental study

  • Zeena H. Salih,
  • Lubna H. Ismael

摘要

This study investigates the structural properties and variance of the even-even Platinum isotopes, specifically the 186Pt, 188Pt, 190Pt, and 192Pt nuclei. These nuclei reside in a crucial transitional region of the nuclear chart, making the characterization of their shape evolution and symmetry particularly important in nuclear structure physics. A comprehensive methodology combining both experimental data analysis and theoretical calculations was employed. The experimental analysis utilized a set of robust signature indicators, including the energy ratio (R4/2) to define the nuclear nature (vibrational, rotational, or transitional). The phenomenon of backbending was studied by drawing the plot of the moment of inertia versus the square of the rotational frequency which also gave crucial information about the development of nuclear shape with the increase in spin. Moreover, Energy-Gamma-over-Spin (E-GOS) curves were examined to provide concrete qualitative indicators concerning the transitional character of considered nuclei. To supplement the results, Interacting Boson Model (IBM-1) was applied effectively to calculate the energy levels using theoretical methods and it was found that there was good consistency between the experimental results and the calculated theoretical values. All the independent methods show similar results that the 186−192Pt isotopes have a definite shape transformation. It is strongly implied by the analysis that these nuclei gradually evolve towards an almost vibrational (U(5)) symmetry to a gamma-unstable (O(6)) symmetry as neutron number increases. This methodological consensus confirms the transitional character of these isotopes and can be in favor of the supposition of a regular development of their nuclear structure.