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<p>The aim of this article to investigate the impact of gamma irradiation on photocatalytic efficiency of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles toward degradation of contaminants present in wastewater. For this purpose, as-synthesized Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were exposed to gamma irradiation at three different doses. However, structural and optical parameters were changed by gamma irradiation. Variation in parameters, such as crystalline size, dislocation density, optical band gap, and Urbach energy, can be attributed to crystal defect induced by gamma irradiation. Pl analysis revealed that gamma irradiation produced oxygen vacancies which reduce electron/hole separation and enhanced the light absorption. The main objective of this study, which focused on photocatalytic performance, revealed that Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles at the dose of 60 kGy attaining a remarkable efficiency of 96% and 89% of I-Buprofen and Diclofenac Sodium within 140 min. The major factors that influence the degradation performance, including pH effect, scavenging test, and reusability test, were analyzed. Scavenging test manifested that hydroxyl radicals are most reactive species in photodegradation mechanism. In summary, this research suggests that the use of nanomaterials at different gamma doses is an alternate approach to improve the photocatalytic performance.</p>

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Gamma irradiated Co3O4 for outstanding photocatalytic activity toward removal of pharmaceutical contaminants present in wastewater

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月26日

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  • Khadijah MohammedSaleh Katubi,
  • Ibrahim A. Alsafari,
  • Buhsra Shaheen,
  • Imed Boukhris,
  • M. S. Al-Buriahi,
  • Imran Shakir,
  • Muhammad Farooq Warsi

摘要

The aim of this article to investigate the impact of gamma irradiation on photocatalytic efficiency of Co3O4 nanoparticles toward degradation of contaminants present in wastewater. For this purpose, as-synthesized Co3O4 nanoparticles were exposed to gamma irradiation at three different doses. However, structural and optical parameters were changed by gamma irradiation. Variation in parameters, such as crystalline size, dislocation density, optical band gap, and Urbach energy, can be attributed to crystal defect induced by gamma irradiation. Pl analysis revealed that gamma irradiation produced oxygen vacancies which reduce electron/hole separation and enhanced the light absorption. The main objective of this study, which focused on photocatalytic performance, revealed that Co3O4 nanoparticles at the dose of 60 kGy attaining a remarkable efficiency of 96% and 89% of I-Buprofen and Diclofenac Sodium within 140 min. The major factors that influence the degradation performance, including pH effect, scavenging test, and reusability test, were analyzed. Scavenging test manifested that hydroxyl radicals are most reactive species in photodegradation mechanism. In summary, this research suggests that the use of nanomaterials at different gamma doses is an alternate approach to improve the photocatalytic performance.