<p>Ion cyclotron resonance heating is a critical method for directly heating ions in tokamaks, and a 6 MW ICRH system is planned for integration into the HL-3 tokamak as part of its next upgrade program. This study focuses on the characteristics of ICRH under the D(H) minority heating scheme for the stable-state scenario on HL-3, using the full-wave code AORSA. Simulations under the H fundamental frequency and D second harmonic demonstrate that predominant ion heating can be achieved at approximately <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$f\sim 28$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>∼</mo> <mn>28</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> MHz and <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$k_{\parallel }\sim 8.4\;\text {m}^{-1}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">‖</mo> </msub> <mo>∼</mo> <mn>8.4</mn> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <msup> <mtext>m</mtext> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. Analysis of the fast wave dispersion relation reveals that the damping coefficient on ions increases sharply with the introduction of H minority ions. As the minority ion concentration increases, power deposition on H minority ions rises, while it decreases for D bulk ions. Additionally, mode conversion is observed near the ion-ion hybrid resonance layer, and theoretical analysis indicates that the critical concentration <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$X[\text {H}]$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mtext>H</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for its occurrence is 6.1 %. Finally, the single-pass absorption efficiency exceeds 90 % for <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$X[\text {H}]\le10\;\%$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>X</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mtext>H</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo>≤</mo> <mn>10</mn> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mo>%</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

Aorsa full wave calculations of ICRF wave heating under D(H) minority heating scenario on the HL-3 tokamak

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发表日期：

2025年9月2日

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Sen Wang,
Shuheng Sun,
Xinxia Li,
Dingzong Zhang,
Chunyun Gan

摘要

Ion cyclotron resonance heating is a critical method for directly heating ions in tokamaks, and a 6 MW ICRH system is planned for integration into the HL-3 tokamak as part of its next upgrade program. This study focuses on the characteristics of ICRH under the D(H) minority heating scheme for the stable-state scenario on HL-3, using the full-wave code AORSA. Simulations under the H fundamental frequency and D second harmonic demonstrate that predominant ion heating can be achieved at approximately $f\sim 28$ $f \sim 28$ MHz and $k_{\parallel }\sim 8.4\;\text {m}^{-1}$ $k_{‖} \sim 8.4 m^{- 1}$ . Analysis of the fast wave dispersion relation reveals that the damping coefficient on ions increases sharply with the introduction of H minority ions. As the minority ion concentration increases, power deposition on H minority ions rises, while it decreases for D bulk ions. Additionally, mode conversion is observed near the ion-ion hybrid resonance layer, and theoretical analysis indicates that the critical concentration $X[\text {H}]$ $X [H]$ for its occurrence is 6.1 %. Finally, the single-pass absorption efficiency exceeds 90 % for $X[\text {H}]\le10\;\%$ $X [H] \leq 10 %$ .