The propagation of nonlinear waves in field-effect transistors with quantum effects

Shock and solitary waves are very important nonlinear structure in the channel of field-effect transistors (FET). In this paper, the propagation of shock and solitary waves with quantum effects in the channel of FET is investigated. Using reductive perturbation expansion, the quantum hydrodynamic equations are reduced to KdV–Burgers and KdV equations describing the characteristic of shock and solitary waves with quantum effects in the channel of FET. The analytical and numerical results show that there are two different types of shock waves and solitary waves in this system; the monotone shock waves, the oscillatory waves and the solitary waves can transform each other under certain condition; the quantum effects strengthened shock waves oscillation and change the width of the solitary waves. This finding provides a new idea for finding efficient THz radiation sources and opens up a new mechanism for the development of THz technology.