Potential Use Calophyllum inophyllum Oil as Biodiesel Feedstock: A Scientometric Analysis and Review of the Production Process

Biodiesel is gaining more interest due to its advantages over petroleum diesel, even though its production remains confronted with many challenges. These in terms of the desire for feedstocks encompass the feedstock cultivation technique, post-harvest technologies, the presence of high free fatty acids in most oils used, and the non-availability of oils in the open market. Among the numerous sources of feedstocks reviewed, non-edible oils seem to have greater possibilities than edible oils and animal fat within the biodiesel enterprise. Calophyllum inophyllum is an economically and potentially valuable plant. This plant can be used as a raw material for biodiesel production, produces useful by-products and contains various phytochemical compounds. The biodiesel obtained from this plant generates lesser emissions compared to conventional fuel. After extracting the oil from the seeds, the oil cake residue remains, which leads to recycling and disposal problems. But utilizing oil cake is the best biorefinery solution that reduces waste and cost. The various phytochemicals found in this plant show different pharmacology actions. Future research in this area will further emphasize their potential of them in the pharmacognosy field.