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<p>Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes are widely deployed in water distribution, yet rising concern over additive migration, toxic degradation products and end‑of‑life burdens is driving interest in materials that can reduce PVC usage without sacrificing performance. This study explores polypropylene (PP)/PVC nanocomposites as reduced‑PVC pipe candidates by partially substituting PVC with PP and compensating any loss in properties through nanofiller reinforcement. Three blend matrices with PP/PVC ratios of 60/40, 50/50 and 40/60 were produced as unfilled blends and as nanocomposites containing 1 wt% graphene (G1) or 5 wt% carbon black (C5), giving nine formulations prepared via twin‑screw extrusion and compression molding. Flexural and impact tests were used to quantify mechanical behavior, pin‑on‑disc experiments assessed wear and thermogravimetric analysis established thermal stability. Across all blends, nanofillers enhanced properties relative to the corresponding plain matrices, with carbon black giving the most uniform gains. In the PP‑rich 60/40 blend (P6V4), flexural strength increased from 57.6&#xa0;MPa (plain) to 67.7&#xa0;MPa (G1) and 87&#xa0;MPa (C5), while impact strength rose from 37.81&#xa0;J/m to 42.48&#xa0;J/m and 44.21&#xa0;J/m, respectively. Maximum wear in P6V4 was reduced from 257&#xa0;µm to 88&#xa0;µm (G1) and 22&#xa0;µm (C5), with similarly strong reductions obtained for 50/50 (P5V5) and 40/60 (P4V6) compositions. All formulations retained nearly full mass at 60&#xa0;°C and exhibited decomposition onset temperatures far above service conditions. The work therefore identifies PP/PVC nanocomposites particularly carbon black reinforced blends as promising reduced‑PVC options that combine mechanical strength, wear resistance and adequate thermal margins for piping applications.</p>

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Polyvinyl Chloride Downscaling Approach Using Polypropylene Based Nanocomposite Piping Materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Utkarsh A. Patil,
  • Pravin R. Kubade,
  • Imran M. Jamadar

摘要

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes are widely deployed in water distribution, yet rising concern over additive migration, toxic degradation products and end‑of‑life burdens is driving interest in materials that can reduce PVC usage without sacrificing performance. This study explores polypropylene (PP)/PVC nanocomposites as reduced‑PVC pipe candidates by partially substituting PVC with PP and compensating any loss in properties through nanofiller reinforcement. Three blend matrices with PP/PVC ratios of 60/40, 50/50 and 40/60 were produced as unfilled blends and as nanocomposites containing 1 wt% graphene (G1) or 5 wt% carbon black (C5), giving nine formulations prepared via twin‑screw extrusion and compression molding. Flexural and impact tests were used to quantify mechanical behavior, pin‑on‑disc experiments assessed wear and thermogravimetric analysis established thermal stability. Across all blends, nanofillers enhanced properties relative to the corresponding plain matrices, with carbon black giving the most uniform gains. In the PP‑rich 60/40 blend (P6V4), flexural strength increased from 57.6 MPa (plain) to 67.7 MPa (G1) and 87 MPa (C5), while impact strength rose from 37.81 J/m to 42.48 J/m and 44.21 J/m, respectively. Maximum wear in P6V4 was reduced from 257 µm to 88 µm (G1) and 22 µm (C5), with similarly strong reductions obtained for 50/50 (P5V5) and 40/60 (P4V6) compositions. All formulations retained nearly full mass at 60 °C and exhibited decomposition onset temperatures far above service conditions. The work therefore identifies PP/PVC nanocomposites particularly carbon black reinforced blends as promising reduced‑PVC options that combine mechanical strength, wear resistance and adequate thermal margins for piping applications.