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<p>The study investigated the use of nano zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) to degrade phenol in aqueous solutions through hydroxyl radical (•OH) reactions. The nZVI, synthesized using a modified borohydride reduction method, was combined with hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) to remove phenol. Optimal degradation occurred under acidic conditions, with complete phenol removal achieved in 6&#xa0;h at 308&#xa0;K using 5&#xa0;g/L of nZVI and 5&#xa0;M H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Intermediates like formic acid and hydroquinone were detected, supporting known degradation pathways. The nanoparticles showed high stability, reusability, and efficiency, easily separable from solutions under a magnetic field for reuse. Characterization via XRD confirmed the properties of nZVI nanoparticles, and the study identified optimal conditions such as pH 3–4, a catalyst concentration of 0.5&#xa0;g/L, and a phenol-to-H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> molar ratio of 1:6. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of nZVI as a reusable catalyst for wastewater treatment.</p>

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Efficient Phenol Degradation of Wastewater Collected from Asansol Industrial Area, West Bengal Using Surface Modified Nano Zero Valent Iron (nZVI) Catalyst

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月10日

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  • Sudhangshu Chakraborty,
  • Avik De

摘要

The study investigated the use of nano zero-valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) to degrade phenol in aqueous solutions through hydroxyl radical (•OH) reactions. The nZVI, synthesized using a modified borohydride reduction method, was combined with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to remove phenol. Optimal degradation occurred under acidic conditions, with complete phenol removal achieved in 6 h at 308 K using 5 g/L of nZVI and 5 M H2O2. Intermediates like formic acid and hydroquinone were detected, supporting known degradation pathways. The nanoparticles showed high stability, reusability, and efficiency, easily separable from solutions under a magnetic field for reuse. Characterization via XRD confirmed the properties of nZVI nanoparticles, and the study identified optimal conditions such as pH 3–4, a catalyst concentration of 0.5 g/L, and a phenol-to-H2O2 molar ratio of 1:6. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of nZVI as a reusable catalyst for wastewater treatment.