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<p>Borated stainless steel (AISI SS 304B4), containing 1–1.2&#xa0;wt.% boron, enhances neutron absorption but exhibits reduced ductility, weldability, and increased corrosion susceptibility. The addition of boron alters the microstructure, increasing hardness in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and raising the risk of cracking, which necessitates optimized welding strategies. This study investigates the microstructural and mechanical properties of Gas Tungsten Arc Welded (GTAW) SS 304B4 with a thickness of 10&#xa0;mm. A matching filler wire, measuring 1.6 × 1.6 ×  ~ 703.6&#xa0;mm, was fabricated through cold rolling. The welding process involved multi-pass welding following edge preparation and pre-weld liquid penetrant testing. Non-destructive testing, including liquid penetrant and radiographic examinations, confirmed the absence of defects in the welds. Destructive testing included transverse tensile tests, Rockwell hardness testing at five locations with a 150&#xa0;kgf load, and Vickers microhardness measurements at a 200&#xa0;gf load in the base metal, partially melted zone (PMZ), and weld metal. Microstructural analysis was conducted to examine phase evolution and boron distribution. The results provide valuable insights into the weldability and mechanical behaviour of borated stainless steel, contributing to its application in neutron shielding.</p>

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Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Gas Tungsten Arc Welded Borated Stainless Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月25日

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  • N. Sathishkumar,
  • S. Arivazhagan,
  • Anvita Pandey,
  • K. Muninathan,
  • S. Sudharsan,
  • B. Ahamed Insamul Hasan

摘要

Borated stainless steel (AISI SS 304B4), containing 1–1.2 wt.% boron, enhances neutron absorption but exhibits reduced ductility, weldability, and increased corrosion susceptibility. The addition of boron alters the microstructure, increasing hardness in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and raising the risk of cracking, which necessitates optimized welding strategies. This study investigates the microstructural and mechanical properties of Gas Tungsten Arc Welded (GTAW) SS 304B4 with a thickness of 10 mm. A matching filler wire, measuring 1.6 × 1.6 ×  ~ 703.6 mm, was fabricated through cold rolling. The welding process involved multi-pass welding following edge preparation and pre-weld liquid penetrant testing. Non-destructive testing, including liquid penetrant and radiographic examinations, confirmed the absence of defects in the welds. Destructive testing included transverse tensile tests, Rockwell hardness testing at five locations with a 150 kgf load, and Vickers microhardness measurements at a 200 gf load in the base metal, partially melted zone (PMZ), and weld metal. Microstructural analysis was conducted to examine phase evolution and boron distribution. The results provide valuable insights into the weldability and mechanical behaviour of borated stainless steel, contributing to its application in neutron shielding.