Fabrication of Centrifugally Cast TiB₂-Al7075 Functionally Graded Material: Investigation on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties

The development of advanced composites with varying properties is crucial for multifunctional applications. However, the homogenous distribution of particles and their uniform concentration in the matrix restricts variation in their properties. This limitation can be overcome through the graded distribution of particles over the volume. In a preliminary investigation, an effort is made to fabricate 5 wt% TiB₂/Al7075 functionally graded composite material (FGM) through the horizontal centrifugal cast technique. The developed FGM is examined for variation in its microstructural and mechanical properties. The microstructural examination revealed a distinct particle gradient in the radial direction. A hardness of 125.34 HV and ultimate tensile strength, of 171.55 MPa are achieved for the outer region indicating 26.27% and 34.41% increase in properties as compared to the inner zone. Also, the density was observed to gradually increase from the inner to the outer region. Scanning electron microscope image analysis for the fractured tensile specimens showed primary ductile fracture in FGM. In addition, a comparative analysis for comprehending the superior behavior of developed FGM over TiB₂/Al7075 composite is presented.