Low-Emissions and Energy-Efficient Alternatives for Shipping
摘要
According to figures from 2016, the shipping industry accounted for around 1.7% of total global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. In comparison, the aviation sector accounted for around 1.9% of CO2 emissions, and road transport accounted for approximately 11.9%. In compliance with a 2019 study, Maersk, the world’s largest shipping firm, released 36.5 million tons of CO2 from cargo ships alone. To reach the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) emissions reduction target for the shipping industry, significant and transformative efforts must be taken. Renewable energy sources are now being explored as viable replacements for future marine propulsion and power generation systems. Numerous facets of the worldwide shipping industry, including the domestic and international transportation of people, products, and services like fishing, tourism, and other nautical pursuits, could be completely transformed by these sources. Marine applications can benefit from a variety of renewable energy sources, including wind power (including rotors and typical wind turbines), solar power, biofuels, wave power, and hybrid and hydrogen fuel cells that can be supplied with renewable energy. Retrofits can be used to incorporate clean energy solutions into existing fleets, while new vessels can be built and designed using these technologies. Only a small number of newer ships are aiming for primary propulsion systems that are entirely powered by renewable energy or, conversely, emit little to no emissions. This study looks at how renewable energy is used on-board. This system supports both the primary and auxiliary engines by reducing load, fuel consumption, and harmful pollutants. The idea of a fossil-free ship with a continuous range is a fresh and innovative concept. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the viability and limits of a maritime vessel that runs entirely on offshore renewable energy, with no reliance on land energy sources.