Synthesis and Characterization of Mg and Ti Co-Doped Bismuth Ferrite for Piezoelectric Application

Lead is the most widely used element in popularly available piezoelectric and ferro-electric materials. As this Lead shows extreme acidic nature in systems, it is not eco-friendly. Therefore, in the present work attempts have been done to synthesize the lead free eco-friendly piezoelectric material. In this present work the Mg, Ti co-doped BiFeO₃ (BFTM), [Bi (Fe_1−xTi_x/2Mg_x/2)O₃, where x = 0,0.1, 0.71, 0.75 and 0.79] was synthesized where BiFeO₃ was modified BiFeO₃ by solid state method using micron and nano size oxide powders (Bi₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, MgO, TiO₂). The BFTM powder was prepared by solid solution route using pot milling and co-precipitation method. Effect of excess Bi₂O₃ addition was studied on phase formation, microstructure, densification and electrical properties using XRD, FESEM, DSC, TG, Dissipation factor and Relative permittivity respectively. It was also observed that increase in calcination temperature produces more amounts of impurity phases. In this case upto 88.6% of theoretical density can be accomplished by conventional sintering and also observed that with the increasing calcination temperature the proportion of impurity phases (like Bi₂₅FeO₄₀ and Bi₅FeTi₃O₁₅) are increased.