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<p>Recent advancements in phased array antennas employing Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) have demonstrated significant potential for enhancing spectral efficiency and supporting high-capacity wireless communication. Nevertheless, conventional OAM-based antenna designs often encounter critical challenges, including high dielectric losses, restricted bandwidth, inadequate isolation, and complex geometrical configurations, which limit their applicability in wideband and high-frequency domains. To overcome these limitations, this work introduces a novel PhaseHelix Fractal Antenna Array tailored for Super Wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems spanning 3.1–40&#xa0;GHz. The proposed design, featuring an 8 × 8 Fractal Antenna Array with Minkowski-fractal patch radiators and embedded H-slots, extends the electrical path length, redistributes surface currents, and achieves substantial improvements in bandwidth, gain, and mutual isolation. A dual-stage impedance matching network, comprising 3.1–40&#xa0;GHz, a T-type circuit and a λ/4 stub, facilitates enhanced return loss characteristics (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({S}_{11}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>S</mi> <mn>11</mn> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&lt; –10&#xa0;dB) across the operational band. Furthermore, an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) ground plane is integrated to optimize the axial ratio, minimize backward radiation, and sustain circularly polarized OAM modes. The feeding mechanism utilizes nickel-coated brass with phase-tunable attributes to enable dynamic beam steering, OAM mode-division multiplexing, and robust MIMO channel isolation (≥ 20&#xa0;dB). Comprehensive simulations and experimental validations conducted using Ansys HFSS confirm superior gain, bandwidth, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and OAM mode purity. These results establish the PhaseHelix Fractal Antenna Array as a compact, scalable, and high-performance candidate for secure, adaptive, and next-generation wireless networks.</p>

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Phasehelix Antenna Array for Broadband OAM-Based SWB-MIMO Communications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • M. P. Jyothi,
  • T. P. Surekha

摘要

Recent advancements in phased array antennas employing Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) have demonstrated significant potential for enhancing spectral efficiency and supporting high-capacity wireless communication. Nevertheless, conventional OAM-based antenna designs often encounter critical challenges, including high dielectric losses, restricted bandwidth, inadequate isolation, and complex geometrical configurations, which limit their applicability in wideband and high-frequency domains. To overcome these limitations, this work introduces a novel PhaseHelix Fractal Antenna Array tailored for Super Wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems spanning 3.1–40 GHz. The proposed design, featuring an 8 × 8 Fractal Antenna Array with Minkowski-fractal patch radiators and embedded H-slots, extends the electrical path length, redistributes surface currents, and achieves substantial improvements in bandwidth, gain, and mutual isolation. A dual-stage impedance matching network, comprising 3.1–40 GHz, a T-type circuit and a λ/4 stub, facilitates enhanced return loss characteristics ( \({S}_{11}\) S 11 < –10 dB) across the operational band. Furthermore, an Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) ground plane is integrated to optimize the axial ratio, minimize backward radiation, and sustain circularly polarized OAM modes. The feeding mechanism utilizes nickel-coated brass with phase-tunable attributes to enable dynamic beam steering, OAM mode-division multiplexing, and robust MIMO channel isolation (≥ 20 dB). Comprehensive simulations and experimental validations conducted using Ansys HFSS confirm superior gain, bandwidth, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and OAM mode purity. These results establish the PhaseHelix Fractal Antenna Array as a compact, scalable, and high-performance candidate for secure, adaptive, and next-generation wireless networks.