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<p>To maintain an optimal temperature within a greenhouse, the incoming air can be preconditioned using the earth’s thermal energy through an Earth Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) system. The EAHE consists of buried ducts or pipes that exchange heat with the relatively stable subsurface temperature, thereby pre-cooling the ventilation air during hot periods and pre-heating during cold periods. Implementing an EAHE reduces the overall energy demand for both heating and cooling within the greenhouse environment. To further enhance sustainability, semi-transparent photovoltaic (PV) modules are integrated onto the greenhouse roof, resulting in a configuration known as a Greenhouse Integrated Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic Thermal System (GiSPVTS). The integration of PV modules not only harnesses solar energy but also contributes to moderating internal temperature fluctuations, which in turn improves the electrical and thermal efficiency of the system. This research focuses on evaluating various Solar Cell Materials (SCMs) used in GiSPVTS integrated with an EAHE, in terms of electrical efficiency and associated energy matrices. Analytical expressions have been developed for the temperatures of the plant, room, and solar cell, as well as for the electrical efficiency of the system. Based on these formulations, energy matrices have been estimated for different SCM-based passive GiSPVTS configurations, both with and without considering the effect of thermal exergy. On the basis of evaluation following points can be concluded as: (1) An average temperature variation of 10–12&#xa0;°C under heating/cooling conditions can be obtained by using EAHE. (2) Electrical efficiency of the GiSPVTS increases as the room temperature decreases.</p>

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Effect of Earth Air Heat Exchanger on Various Solar Cell Based Passive GiSPVTS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月22日

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  • Sonali Kalkar,
  • Shikha Singh,
  • G. N. Tiwari,
  • R. S. Bajpai

摘要

To maintain an optimal temperature within a greenhouse, the incoming air can be preconditioned using the earth’s thermal energy through an Earth Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) system. The EAHE consists of buried ducts or pipes that exchange heat with the relatively stable subsurface temperature, thereby pre-cooling the ventilation air during hot periods and pre-heating during cold periods. Implementing an EAHE reduces the overall energy demand for both heating and cooling within the greenhouse environment. To further enhance sustainability, semi-transparent photovoltaic (PV) modules are integrated onto the greenhouse roof, resulting in a configuration known as a Greenhouse Integrated Semi-Transparent Photovoltaic Thermal System (GiSPVTS). The integration of PV modules not only harnesses solar energy but also contributes to moderating internal temperature fluctuations, which in turn improves the electrical and thermal efficiency of the system. This research focuses on evaluating various Solar Cell Materials (SCMs) used in GiSPVTS integrated with an EAHE, in terms of electrical efficiency and associated energy matrices. Analytical expressions have been developed for the temperatures of the plant, room, and solar cell, as well as for the electrical efficiency of the system. Based on these formulations, energy matrices have been estimated for different SCM-based passive GiSPVTS configurations, both with and without considering the effect of thermal exergy. On the basis of evaluation following points can be concluded as: (1) An average temperature variation of 10–12 °C under heating/cooling conditions can be obtained by using EAHE. (2) Electrical efficiency of the GiSPVTS increases as the room temperature decreases.