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<p>Design of pile foundations in heterogeneous soils is largely controlled by the in-situ soil properties and stratigraphy of the construction site. The present study aims to evaluate the influence of stratigraphic variability on pile capacity using Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) field data obtained from a 950&#xa0;m stretch of a dam construction site. The stratigraphic profile of the construction site was developed using SPT data from 25 boreholes and CPT data from 20 test locations. The allowable load-carrying capacities of driven precast piles at various locations across the construction site were estimated using GEO5 software. The analyses were performed independently based on corrected SPT values (Ncorr) and CPT data, including cone resistance and sleeve friction. A uniform pile length of 18&#xa0;m, along with pile diameters of 0.5&#xa0;m and 0.75&#xa0;m, was adopted for the estimation of allowable load-carrying capacities of piles. Additionally, widely used empirical correlations between SPT and CPT parameters were evaluated to assess their suitability for the site’s stratigraphic conditions. Significant variations were observed in zones where transitions between clayey and sandy strata occur, emphasising the influence of stratigraphic heterogeneity on the mobilisation of shaft and end-bearing resistance. A comparison of SPT-based and CPT-based capacity estimates indicated that stratigraphic variability plays a significant role in interpreting in-situ test data for pile design. The importance of stratigraphic characterisation for reliable estimates of pile capacity under heterogeneous soil conditions is highlighted in this study.</p>

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Influence of Site Stratigraphy on Pile Bearing Capacity: A Comparative Study Using SPT and CPT Data

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • J. Sumalatha,
  • Lakshmikanth Srinivasamurthy,
  • M. N. Asha

摘要

Design of pile foundations in heterogeneous soils is largely controlled by the in-situ soil properties and stratigraphy of the construction site. The present study aims to evaluate the influence of stratigraphic variability on pile capacity using Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Cone Penetration Test (CPT) field data obtained from a 950 m stretch of a dam construction site. The stratigraphic profile of the construction site was developed using SPT data from 25 boreholes and CPT data from 20 test locations. The allowable load-carrying capacities of driven precast piles at various locations across the construction site were estimated using GEO5 software. The analyses were performed independently based on corrected SPT values (Ncorr) and CPT data, including cone resistance and sleeve friction. A uniform pile length of 18 m, along with pile diameters of 0.5 m and 0.75 m, was adopted for the estimation of allowable load-carrying capacities of piles. Additionally, widely used empirical correlations between SPT and CPT parameters were evaluated to assess their suitability for the site’s stratigraphic conditions. Significant variations were observed in zones where transitions between clayey and sandy strata occur, emphasising the influence of stratigraphic heterogeneity on the mobilisation of shaft and end-bearing resistance. A comparison of SPT-based and CPT-based capacity estimates indicated that stratigraphic variability plays a significant role in interpreting in-situ test data for pile design. The importance of stratigraphic characterisation for reliable estimates of pile capacity under heterogeneous soil conditions is highlighted in this study.