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<p>3-Bromopyruvic acid (3-BrPA) is a potent hexokinase II (HK-II) inhibitor widely studied for its anticancer properties. Given that hexokinase is also essential for chitin and trehalose biosynthesis in insects, we investigated the insecticidal and developmental effects of 3-BrPA on <i>Periplaneta americana</i>. We evaluated the impact of 3-BrPA treatment on instar transitions and hemolymph metabolite profiles, including glucose, trehalose, and lactic acid. Our results demonstrate that an injection dose of 200&#xa0;µg/individual significantly delayed instar transitions. Furthermore, 3-BrPA exhibited potent lethal effects, with an LD<sub>50</sub> of 282&#xa0;µg/individual on day 1, declining to 220&#xa0;µg/individual by day 12. Hemolymph analysis revealed that while trehalose levels remained statistically unchanged, glucose and lactic acid levels were significantly altered compared to the control group. These findings suggest that 3-BrPA disrupts key metabolic pathways in <i>P. americana</i>, highlighting its potential as a metabolic-based insecticidal agent.</p>

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Glycolytic Inhibition by 3-Bromopyruvic Acid Induces Metabolic Stress and Developmental Impairment in Periplaneta americana

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月20日

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  • Melisa Keskin,
  • Ecenaz Sezen,
  • Beyza Bayırlar,
  • Hüseyin Özaydın,
  • Mehmet Salih Yıkılmaz,
  • Umut Şahar

摘要

3-Bromopyruvic acid (3-BrPA) is a potent hexokinase II (HK-II) inhibitor widely studied for its anticancer properties. Given that hexokinase is also essential for chitin and trehalose biosynthesis in insects, we investigated the insecticidal and developmental effects of 3-BrPA on Periplaneta americana. We evaluated the impact of 3-BrPA treatment on instar transitions and hemolymph metabolite profiles, including glucose, trehalose, and lactic acid. Our results demonstrate that an injection dose of 200 µg/individual significantly delayed instar transitions. Furthermore, 3-BrPA exhibited potent lethal effects, with an LD50 of 282 µg/individual on day 1, declining to 220 µg/individual by day 12. Hemolymph analysis revealed that while trehalose levels remained statistically unchanged, glucose and lactic acid levels were significantly altered compared to the control group. These findings suggest that 3-BrPA disrupts key metabolic pathways in P. americana, highlighting its potential as a metabolic-based insecticidal agent.