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<p>Wheat is sensitive to high-temperature stress. Ear of wheat is a reproductive organ, and it also contributes for yield and yield stability. Contribution of wheat ear (via photosynthesis of spikelets and awns) to the yield is significant during grain-filling period. The present study was taken up to investigate photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigments and epicuticular wax (ECW) in/on spikelets and grains of main ear in 29 wheat genotypes under the condition of terminal heat-stress. Chlorophyll <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, <i>a</i>/<i>b</i>, total chlorophylls, total anthocyanins and ECW in spikelets and grains had huge genotypic variation. Lower chlorophyll <i>a/b</i> ratio in spikelets (due to higher levels of chlorophyll <i>b</i>) was found to be associated with higher main ear grain yield. This pointed out the benefit of higher levels of chlorophyll <i>b</i> in spikelets of ear for higher grain yield. Anthocyanins in spikelets at 20&#xa0;days after anthesis (DAA) were higher in genotypes that took more days for anthesis. It is suggested that accumulation of anthocyanins can be a temperature-induced response. Additionally, anthocyanins in spikelets at 20 DAA had positive association with grain growth rate (GGR) during 10-to-20 DAA. Interestingly, higher deposition of ECW on developing grains (20 DAA) was linked positively with number of grains per spikelet (at harvest). Overall, the study highlighted the relevance of ear-related traits in providing yield stability to wheat under terminal heat-stress condition. In future, better understanding of various ear-related traits, along with the use of advanced phenotyping/screening techniques, can become an additional approach for improving thermo-tolerance in wheat.</p>

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Pigments and Epicuticular Wax in Wheat Spikelets and Grains Under Terminal Heat-Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • S. D. Pradeep,
  • Vijay Paul,
  • Rakesh Pandey,
  • Pramod Kumar,
  • R. C. Meena,
  • M. C. Yadav,
  • K. R. Aishwarya,
  • Raktim Mitra

摘要

Wheat is sensitive to high-temperature stress. Ear of wheat is a reproductive organ, and it also contributes for yield and yield stability. Contribution of wheat ear (via photosynthesis of spikelets and awns) to the yield is significant during grain-filling period. The present study was taken up to investigate photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic pigments and epicuticular wax (ECW) in/on spikelets and grains of main ear in 29 wheat genotypes under the condition of terminal heat-stress. Chlorophyll a, b, a/b, total chlorophylls, total anthocyanins and ECW in spikelets and grains had huge genotypic variation. Lower chlorophyll a/b ratio in spikelets (due to higher levels of chlorophyll b) was found to be associated with higher main ear grain yield. This pointed out the benefit of higher levels of chlorophyll b in spikelets of ear for higher grain yield. Anthocyanins in spikelets at 20 days after anthesis (DAA) were higher in genotypes that took more days for anthesis. It is suggested that accumulation of anthocyanins can be a temperature-induced response. Additionally, anthocyanins in spikelets at 20 DAA had positive association with grain growth rate (GGR) during 10-to-20 DAA. Interestingly, higher deposition of ECW on developing grains (20 DAA) was linked positively with number of grains per spikelet (at harvest). Overall, the study highlighted the relevance of ear-related traits in providing yield stability to wheat under terminal heat-stress condition. In future, better understanding of various ear-related traits, along with the use of advanced phenotyping/screening techniques, can become an additional approach for improving thermo-tolerance in wheat.