<p><i>Saraca asoca</i> commonly known as Asoka is an important medicinal plant used in various traditional systems of medicines like Ayurveda and has been threatened due to over-exploitation. Sustainable and judicious utilization of available materials is one of the important alternative strategies to solve the scarcity of medicinal plants. In this study, comparative phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of bark and secondary branches of Asoka has been done to explore the possibility of using secondary branches of <i>S. asoca</i> instead of its bark. Comparative phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation was carried out in bark and secondary branches of <i>S. asoca</i>. Phytochemical comparison was done using different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques such as HPTLC, HPLC, LC/MS–MS, etc. Toxicity and estrogenic activity were compared for both bark and secondary branches in animal models. Phytochemical studies showed that chemical constituents of bark of <i>S. asoca</i> are unique in nature; however, some of these are also found in branches with less abundance. Major class of compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids and catechins are less in concentration in secondary branches. Chromatographic profiling using HPTLC showed matching bands/peaks with comparatively less area percentages in branches. LC/MS-based metabolite profiling showed presence of active catechins and flavonoids in both bark and branches. Acute and repeated toxicity studies confirmed that there are no toxic effects for both bark and secondary branches. Estrogenic activity conducted in ovariectomized rats showed that both bark and secondary branches of <i>S. asoca</i> possess significant estrogenic activity. The study revealed that secondary branches of Asoka possess significant estrogenic activity without any toxic effects. The results suggest judicious utilization of <i>S. asoca</i> in herbal industry that may help to address the scarcity of this important drug.</p>