Remedial Measures for Neurodegenerative Diseases Targeting Gut-Microbial Dysfunction with Herbal Bio-Actives

A healthy gut with diverse microbes is vital for normal brain functions and cognitive behaviors. Gut microbiota plays very crucial role in maintaining the gastro-intestinal homeostasis through their metabolites which affect brain via gut–brain axis. The microbiota interaction with brain through gut-and-brain axis is a developing and well-accepted theory that links changes in the bidirectional interaction between the gut and central nervous system and helps in understanding the etiology of gastrointestinal and neurological illnesses. In this review, we highlight the most current research bolstering the predictive strategy to ministration of idiopathic Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases using Ayurvedic herbs and their bio-active compounds specially focusing the genesis via gut-bacterial dysbiosis. Our preeminent focus is to highlight the connection of neurodegeneration and gut-ailments causing non-functional and functional amyloid-type proteins from human and bacterial origin with which we elucidate the role of Ayurvedic herbal bio-actives in targeting neurodegenerative diseases and synchronously balancing gut bacterial dysbiosis and associated ailments like irritable bowel disease (IBD) and inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS). The concept of additional therapy, synergistic therapy, multitarget approach, hybrid molecules incorporating pharmacophores of herbal drugs and commercial ones is proving an effective approach for targeting multifactorial diseases like AD and PD. The therapeutic armamentarium of AD and PD can be improved using these practices which are successfully achieved in Ayurveda using single or multiple herbal formulations. Integrative-medicament approach for the treatment of neurodegeneration along with amelioration of the causative factors viz. gut-dysbiosis and the engendered IBS and IBD could improve the clinical outcomes.