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<p>In the northeastern sub-Himalayan terai region of India <i>Citrus limon</i> (L.) Brum F. is found to be endemic and usually propagated through stem cuttings. The plants generated from stem cutting require one year or more of orchard establishment. There are two reasons for this long nursery period. Firstly, the extensively lignified stem of <i>C. limon</i> delays the process of root induction. Secondly, the small marginal farmers of this region can’t afford the root-inducing hormones like indole butyric acid (IBA). In this regard, indigenous bacteria that produce diffusible phytohormones, indole acetic acid, can be exploited to quicken the process of root induction from the stem cuttings. In this study, three seed-protective microbes, namely, <i>Priestia</i>, <i>Pseudomonas</i>, and <i>Bacillus sp.</i>, were screened for their exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing ability. This ability was essential for a stronger attachment to the stem cuttings. Secondly, the production of indole acetic acid (IAA) was also monitored. Though <i>Bacillus sp.</i> increases its EPS, its IAA production drops at lower temperatures. The <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> enhanced its IAA production at a lower temperature. All the strains improved the rooting process of <i>C. limon</i> within 180 days. However, the <i>Pseudomonas sp.</i> displayed a significantly higher root induction. This was due to the non-sporulating nature of <i>Pseudomonas sp</i>. As a spore is a dormant structure that cannot produce EPS or IAA, the relative amount of metabolically active cells is lower. Thus, such bacteria can reduce the time for the nursery phase from 365 days to 180 days.</p>

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Seed-Protective Microbes Enhance Rooting in Stem Cuttings and Reduce Nursery Time of Citrus limon (L.) Brum. F. in the Sub-Himalayan Terai Zone

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月26日

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  • Dinabandhu Samanta,
  • Shouvik Baidya,
  • Upasana Nanda,
  • Md Shahajahan,
  • Ashok Choudhury,
  • Binayak Chakraborty,
  • Kapudeep Karmakar

摘要

In the northeastern sub-Himalayan terai region of India Citrus limon (L.) Brum F. is found to be endemic and usually propagated through stem cuttings. The plants generated from stem cutting require one year or more of orchard establishment. There are two reasons for this long nursery period. Firstly, the extensively lignified stem of C. limon delays the process of root induction. Secondly, the small marginal farmers of this region can’t afford the root-inducing hormones like indole butyric acid (IBA). In this regard, indigenous bacteria that produce diffusible phytohormones, indole acetic acid, can be exploited to quicken the process of root induction from the stem cuttings. In this study, three seed-protective microbes, namely, Priestia, Pseudomonas, and Bacillus sp., were screened for their exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing ability. This ability was essential for a stronger attachment to the stem cuttings. Secondly, the production of indole acetic acid (IAA) was also monitored. Though Bacillus sp. increases its EPS, its IAA production drops at lower temperatures. The Pseudomonas sp. enhanced its IAA production at a lower temperature. All the strains improved the rooting process of C. limon within 180 days. However, the Pseudomonas sp. displayed a significantly higher root induction. This was due to the non-sporulating nature of Pseudomonas sp. As a spore is a dormant structure that cannot produce EPS or IAA, the relative amount of metabolically active cells is lower. Thus, such bacteria can reduce the time for the nursery phase from 365 days to 180 days.