Performance Evaluation of Irrigation Characteristics Operated by Movable Solar Irrigation System Using Micro-irrigation Techniques in Hilly Region of Uttarakhand
摘要
Green energy technologies offer promising alternatives to conventional electricity and diesel-based water pumps, particularly for hilly regions. This study presents the design and field evaluation of a movable solar irrigation system (MSIS) for marginal farmers in the hilly region of Uttarakhand, India. Experiments conducted from September 2024 to June 2025 demonstrated that solar irradiance strongly influences pump performance, with discharge rates varied between 8 and 12 L/min under a total head of 3 m. The result showed that highest pump discharge occurred at a tilt angle between 43° and 45°. The Christiansen uniformity coefficient (Cu), distribution uniformity (DU), and wetting radius of irrigation system were 75.14%, 65%, and 0.75 m, respectively. These results highlight the MSIS as a practical, efficient, and sustainable irrigation solution for challenging hilly terrains.