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<p>This paper presents a compact 4 × 4 open-ended dual E-shaped multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for the applications of 5G/6G mobile communication. The 4 elements are arranged orthogonal to each element to achieve good radiation characteristics. Each element in the MIMO uses a similar design structure. The miniaturization in the radiating element is obtained by having two open-ended rectangular strips connected to two E-shaped structures arranged face-to-face. The four-element MIMO antenna is structured within the dimensions of 40 × 40 × 0.8 mm<sup>3</sup>. The structure is fabricated in a 0.8&#xa0;mm thick FR4, and the simulated results closely match the measured ones. The antenna covers the operating band 3.4–3.8&#xa0;GHz. The four elements radiate with a gain greater than 3 dBi. The diversity performance of the open-ended dual-connected E-shaped antenna is analyzed, resulting in ECC &lt; 0.002, DG &gt; 9.9 dB, CCL below 0.001 bits/s/Hz, and the TARC&lt;-10 dB. The designed open-ended E-shaped MIMO antenna network and radiation characteristics are analyzed, and the antenna structure satisfies the necessary parameters within the standardized limits. Thus, the proposed open-ended dual E-shaped MIMO antenna suits well for 5G/6G mobile communication applications.</p>

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A 4 × 4 Open-Ended Connected Dual E-Shaped MIMO Antenna for 5G/6G Mobile Communication

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • M. Mishaa Manikandan,
  • Shine Let Gunamony,
  • Benin Pratap Chandran,
  • Jeevitha Joseph

摘要

This paper presents a compact 4 × 4 open-ended dual E-shaped multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for the applications of 5G/6G mobile communication. The 4 elements are arranged orthogonal to each element to achieve good radiation characteristics. Each element in the MIMO uses a similar design structure. The miniaturization in the radiating element is obtained by having two open-ended rectangular strips connected to two E-shaped structures arranged face-to-face. The four-element MIMO antenna is structured within the dimensions of 40 × 40 × 0.8 mm3. The structure is fabricated in a 0.8 mm thick FR4, and the simulated results closely match the measured ones. The antenna covers the operating band 3.4–3.8 GHz. The four elements radiate with a gain greater than 3 dBi. The diversity performance of the open-ended dual-connected E-shaped antenna is analyzed, resulting in ECC < 0.002, DG > 9.9 dB, CCL below 0.001 bits/s/Hz, and the TARC<-10 dB. The designed open-ended E-shaped MIMO antenna network and radiation characteristics are analyzed, and the antenna structure satisfies the necessary parameters within the standardized limits. Thus, the proposed open-ended dual E-shaped MIMO antenna suits well for 5G/6G mobile communication applications.