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<p><i>Valeriana wallichii</i> DC., an endangered Himalayan herb, exhibits marked sexual polymorphism with three sex types: hermaphrodite (H), female (F) and gynomonoecious (GM). Thirty-four morphological traits were measured in 90 plants grown at the Botanical Garden of Jammu University. ANOVA, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster analysis revealed significant inter-sex variation. Females displayed the greatest vegetative growth, hermaphrodites maintained balanced vegetative and reproductive traits and gynomonoecious plants displayed reduced dimensions, notably fewer flowers per inflorescence. PCA highlighted flower number and peduncular leaf length as key differentiators, while cluster analysis grouped H and F closely and GM occupying a distinct cluster. Overall, the focus of the study is the comparative analysis of hermaphrodite, female and gynomonoecious types to examine the role of morphological diversity in determining reproductive and adaptive strategies. </p>

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Comparative Study of Three Sex Types of Valeriana wallichii DC. an Endangered Himalayan Plant

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月24日

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  • Kamana Shandalya,
  • Mukhtar Ahmed,
  • Puranamrita,
  • Susheel Verma

摘要

Valeriana wallichii DC., an endangered Himalayan herb, exhibits marked sexual polymorphism with three sex types: hermaphrodite (H), female (F) and gynomonoecious (GM). Thirty-four morphological traits were measured in 90 plants grown at the Botanical Garden of Jammu University. ANOVA, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Cluster analysis revealed significant inter-sex variation. Females displayed the greatest vegetative growth, hermaphrodites maintained balanced vegetative and reproductive traits and gynomonoecious plants displayed reduced dimensions, notably fewer flowers per inflorescence. PCA highlighted flower number and peduncular leaf length as key differentiators, while cluster analysis grouped H and F closely and GM occupying a distinct cluster. Overall, the focus of the study is the comparative analysis of hermaphrodite, female and gynomonoecious types to examine the role of morphological diversity in determining reproductive and adaptive strategies.