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<p>This study evaluates the influence of aggregate gradation and moisture content on the load-carrying capacity of ordinary (OSC) and encased stone columns (ESC) installed in soft clay. Experiments were performed using natural aggregates with three gradations—gap-graded (GG), poorly graded (GP), and well-graded (GW)—and varying moisture contents of 30%, 35%, and 40%. A circular test tank of 150&#xa0;mm diameter and 225&#xa0;mm height was used, with 50&#xa0;mm diameter stone columns constructed using the replacement method and tested under vertical load. Results indicate that well-graded aggregates (GW) provided the highest load capacity, with ESC achieving up to 12.2 times the load-carrying capacity of untreated clay beds at 35% moisture content. In comparison, OSC with GW at the same moisture content achieved 7.95 times the load. At 30% moisture content, ESC consistently outperformed OSC by 69% due to the confinement effect of the Geonet encasement. The study demonstrates that ESC with well-graded aggregates significantly reduces settlement and enhances load capacity, providing an efficient solution for improving soft soils. These findings are vital for designing sustainable and high-performance ground improvement systems in geotechnical engineering.</p>

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Effect of Gradation on Load Carrying Capacity of Stone Column Installed in Soft Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Priyanka Ahirwar,
  • Pradeep Kumar Jain

摘要

This study evaluates the influence of aggregate gradation and moisture content on the load-carrying capacity of ordinary (OSC) and encased stone columns (ESC) installed in soft clay. Experiments were performed using natural aggregates with three gradations—gap-graded (GG), poorly graded (GP), and well-graded (GW)—and varying moisture contents of 30%, 35%, and 40%. A circular test tank of 150 mm diameter and 225 mm height was used, with 50 mm diameter stone columns constructed using the replacement method and tested under vertical load. Results indicate that well-graded aggregates (GW) provided the highest load capacity, with ESC achieving up to 12.2 times the load-carrying capacity of untreated clay beds at 35% moisture content. In comparison, OSC with GW at the same moisture content achieved 7.95 times the load. At 30% moisture content, ESC consistently outperformed OSC by 69% due to the confinement effect of the Geonet encasement. The study demonstrates that ESC with well-graded aggregates significantly reduces settlement and enhances load capacity, providing an efficient solution for improving soft soils. These findings are vital for designing sustainable and high-performance ground improvement systems in geotechnical engineering.