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<p>Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG)- based containers store and transport food articles (FA) like pickles/murabba/ confection, etc. But hitherto, little has been reported on the one-way programming of PETG-based smart containers (SC) for health monitoring of FA under the effect of stimuli (temperature and moisture). This study presents the 4D capabilities for oneway programming of PETG-based SC intended for online health monitoring of FA in line with the 3D printed microstrip patch antenna (MPA) concept. The substrate material’s thermal stability and amorphous nature were confirmed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The MPA was designed and simulated using a high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS), and confirmations were made by a Vector network analyser (VNA). The results suggest that with the exposure to moisture (0–5&#xa0;ml), the SC resonated at resonance frequency (R<sub>f</sub>) ranging from 2.948 to 2.712&#xa0;GHz, with substrate resistance varying from 106.46 to 41.43 Ω. Further, increasing temperature (20–90&#xa0;°C) led to R<sub>f</sub> shifts from 2.948 to 2.400&#xa0;GHz, with a change in substrate resistance from 106.46 to 37.24 Ω. This change in R<sub>f</sub> due to moisture/ temperature variations serves as a digital thread for online health monitoring of FA (while storage and transportation).</p>

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On One-Way Programming of 3D Printed PETG-Based Smart Containers for Online Health Monitoring of Food Articles

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月9日

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  • Kanwerajit Singh,
  • Rupinder Singh,
  • Amrinder Pal Singh

摘要

Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG)- based containers store and transport food articles (FA) like pickles/murabba/ confection, etc. But hitherto, little has been reported on the one-way programming of PETG-based smart containers (SC) for health monitoring of FA under the effect of stimuli (temperature and moisture). This study presents the 4D capabilities for oneway programming of PETG-based SC intended for online health monitoring of FA in line with the 3D printed microstrip patch antenna (MPA) concept. The substrate material’s thermal stability and amorphous nature were confirmed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The MPA was designed and simulated using a high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS), and confirmations were made by a Vector network analyser (VNA). The results suggest that with the exposure to moisture (0–5 ml), the SC resonated at resonance frequency (Rf) ranging from 2.948 to 2.712 GHz, with substrate resistance varying from 106.46 to 41.43 Ω. Further, increasing temperature (20–90 °C) led to Rf shifts from 2.948 to 2.400 GHz, with a change in substrate resistance from 106.46 to 37.24 Ω. This change in Rf due to moisture/ temperature variations serves as a digital thread for online health monitoring of FA (while storage and transportation).