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<p>The growth of the construction industry has significantly increased global demand for cement and river sand (RS), both essential for concrete production. However, cement manufacturing is a major source of carbon dioxide emissions, causing severe environmental damage. Moreover, excessive RS extraction has led to environmental degradation and scarcity, making it economically less viable. To address these issues, sustainable and cost-effective alternatives must be adopted without compromising concrete quality. This research explores the use of rice husk ash (RHA) as a partial substitute for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and Deccan basalt manufactured sand (DMS) as fine aggregate. The study examines their effects on the mechanical and durability performance of concrete, varying the RHA to OPC substitution ratios from 0 to 30%. Results show that optimal compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths are achieved with a 20% RHA ratio. Increasing the RHA content in M30 grade concrete from 0 to 20% enhances both strength and sulphate resistance, but exceeding the 20% threshold results in a decline in these properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of concrete with 20% RHA reveals a compact calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel, significantly improving the concrete’s performance.</p>

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Experimental Investigation of Concrete Performance Incorporating Deccan Basalt Manufactured Sand and Rice Husk Ash

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Yash Rathore,
  • Juned Raheem

摘要

The growth of the construction industry has significantly increased global demand for cement and river sand (RS), both essential for concrete production. However, cement manufacturing is a major source of carbon dioxide emissions, causing severe environmental damage. Moreover, excessive RS extraction has led to environmental degradation and scarcity, making it economically less viable. To address these issues, sustainable and cost-effective alternatives must be adopted without compromising concrete quality. This research explores the use of rice husk ash (RHA) as a partial substitute for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and Deccan basalt manufactured sand (DMS) as fine aggregate. The study examines their effects on the mechanical and durability performance of concrete, varying the RHA to OPC substitution ratios from 0 to 30%. Results show that optimal compressive, split tensile, and flexural strengths are achieved with a 20% RHA ratio. Increasing the RHA content in M30 grade concrete from 0 to 20% enhances both strength and sulphate resistance, but exceeding the 20% threshold results in a decline in these properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of concrete with 20% RHA reveals a compact calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel, significantly improving the concrete’s performance.