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<p>In the rice-wheat rotation system (RWS) of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India, the harvest date of kharif (wet-season) rice significantly affects the planting date of rabi (dry-season) wheat. Farmers in northwest and central India are exploring the possibility of planting wheat much earlier (October) than their usual sowing (November) in RWS to leverage residual soil moisture after rice harvest and to escape terminal heat stress. However, the current wheat cultivars are unsuitable for early planting due to warm temperatures experienced during October and early November. In addition to this, the challenge is further intensified by rapid population growth, diminishing arable land and unpredictable climatic conditions that widen the food demand-supply gap. Under such urgent circumstances, conventional breeding approaches are inadequate for delivering climate-resilient cultivars at the pace demanded by farmers. Therefore, the doubled haploid (DH) technique provides a strategic advantage by enabling the rapid fixation of desirable traits and accelerating the identification of heat-tolerant early-sown wheat genotypes. Accordingly, an experiment was conducted to screen the doubled haploids derived from the crosses between two synthetic wheats (SHW14102 and SHW3761) and two elite bread wheat lines (BWL4444 and BWL3531), i.e., SHW14102 × BWL4444, SHW14102 × BWL3531, and SHW3761 × BWL4444, under warm temperatures in the northwestern plain zones (NWPZ). The heat tolerance of 390 DHs was assessed under two environmental conditions (one location and 2 years). They were sown in the same location on two dates: October (juvenile heat stress) and November (favorable) during the winter seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–22. Genetic variability analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering of phenotypic data were effective in identifying promising lines for juvenile heat stress. From the genetic variability analysis, 100 DHs out of 390 populations were selected for PCA and cluster analysis. They were screened for yield traits and then differentiated into three clusters. Cluster 1 had the highest value for grain yield, biomass, and thousand-grain weight, indicating its potential as a valuable germplasm for future breeding programs.</p>

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Evaluation of Doubled Haploids Derived from Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum durum × Aegilops tauschii) and Elite Bread Wheat Lines for Juvenile Heat Stress Tolerance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Tavisha Singh,
  • Seema Bedi,
  • Ravneet Kaur,
  • Amandeep Kaur,
  • Achla Sharma,
  • Satinder Kaur

摘要

In the rice-wheat rotation system (RWS) of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of India, the harvest date of kharif (wet-season) rice significantly affects the planting date of rabi (dry-season) wheat. Farmers in northwest and central India are exploring the possibility of planting wheat much earlier (October) than their usual sowing (November) in RWS to leverage residual soil moisture after rice harvest and to escape terminal heat stress. However, the current wheat cultivars are unsuitable for early planting due to warm temperatures experienced during October and early November. In addition to this, the challenge is further intensified by rapid population growth, diminishing arable land and unpredictable climatic conditions that widen the food demand-supply gap. Under such urgent circumstances, conventional breeding approaches are inadequate for delivering climate-resilient cultivars at the pace demanded by farmers. Therefore, the doubled haploid (DH) technique provides a strategic advantage by enabling the rapid fixation of desirable traits and accelerating the identification of heat-tolerant early-sown wheat genotypes. Accordingly, an experiment was conducted to screen the doubled haploids derived from the crosses between two synthetic wheats (SHW14102 and SHW3761) and two elite bread wheat lines (BWL4444 and BWL3531), i.e., SHW14102 × BWL4444, SHW14102 × BWL3531, and SHW3761 × BWL4444, under warm temperatures in the northwestern plain zones (NWPZ). The heat tolerance of 390 DHs was assessed under two environmental conditions (one location and 2 years). They were sown in the same location on two dates: October (juvenile heat stress) and November (favorable) during the winter seasons of 2020–21 and 2021–22. Genetic variability analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering of phenotypic data were effective in identifying promising lines for juvenile heat stress. From the genetic variability analysis, 100 DHs out of 390 populations were selected for PCA and cluster analysis. They were screened for yield traits and then differentiated into three clusters. Cluster 1 had the highest value for grain yield, biomass, and thousand-grain weight, indicating its potential as a valuable germplasm for future breeding programs.