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<p>Cowpea is a drought-tolerant legume which contributes to rainfed agriculture by improving soil fertility through nitrogen fixation and providing a reliable source of protein during dry seasons. A study was conducted using the DSSAT–CROPGRO–Cowpea model to assess the potential impacts of climate change on cowpea growth and yield under rainfed conditions. The model was calibrated and validated using field experiments. The study compared baseline climatic conditions (1980–2010) with projected future scenarios (during mid-century and end-century) using the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission pathways derived from an ensemble of 30 general circulation models. Results indicate that cowpea yields are expected to decline by 15% under end-century (RCP 8.5) if CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization is not considered. However, an increase in cowpea biomass (23% and 58%) and yield (4.2% and 32%) during the end century under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios was observed when CO<sub>2</sub> fertilization is considered. The study showed the delay in different phenological stages, which was mainly due to the increased vegetative phase. The study suggests that while climate change presents significant risks to cowpea production, the benefits of increased atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> may offset yield losses in certain scenarios.</p>

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CO2 Fertilization and Cowpea Yield Loss Under Future Climate Scenarios

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Prasanna G. Kelageri,
  • M. A. Sarath Chandran,
  • V. Visha Kumari,
  • K. A. Gopinath,
  • V. K. Singh,
  • V. Girija Veni,
  • Subrata Bag,
  • B. Sunita

摘要

Cowpea is a drought-tolerant legume which contributes to rainfed agriculture by improving soil fertility through nitrogen fixation and providing a reliable source of protein during dry seasons. A study was conducted using the DSSAT–CROPGRO–Cowpea model to assess the potential impacts of climate change on cowpea growth and yield under rainfed conditions. The model was calibrated and validated using field experiments. The study compared baseline climatic conditions (1980–2010) with projected future scenarios (during mid-century and end-century) using the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission pathways derived from an ensemble of 30 general circulation models. Results indicate that cowpea yields are expected to decline by 15% under end-century (RCP 8.5) if CO2 fertilization is not considered. However, an increase in cowpea biomass (23% and 58%) and yield (4.2% and 32%) during the end century under both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios was observed when CO2 fertilization is considered. The study showed the delay in different phenological stages, which was mainly due to the increased vegetative phase. The study suggests that while climate change presents significant risks to cowpea production, the benefits of increased atmospheric CO2 may offset yield losses in certain scenarios.