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<p>The geodetic approach to monitor the Enguri Dam and its reservoir integrates Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) and satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery (SAR) to quantify both structural deformation as well as regional displacements that might force the dam. A network comprising ten GNSS stations and six radar reflectors was established on the dam and along the neighboring Ingirishi Fault providing millimeter-level accuracy for 3D displacement monitoring with high temporal resolution. Complementing this, Persistent Scatterers (PS) as obtained from an interferometric processing of SAR images (PS-InSAR) data elucidate surface movement patterns at the dam and its surrounding areas. Analysis of GNSS processing results reveal that displacement trajectories of the dam's stations form a hysteresis loop, predominantly lying in the vertical plane. The maximum observed displacements reach up to 8.5 cm in the horizontal direction and 3 cm in the vertical direction. Through the application of the Hydrostatic-Season-Time (HST) model, hydrostatic and seasonal deformation components are disentangled, demonstrating that vertical displacements are primarily driven by seasonal effects. These comprehensive analyses provide critical insights into the dam's deformation dynamics, contributing to the safety of its infrastructure.</p>

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Geodätisches Staumauer- und Reservoir-Monitoring mit satellitengestützten Messverfahren

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月27日

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  • Jakob Weisgerber,
  • Malte Westerhaus,
  • Hansjörg Kutterer,
  • David Svanadze

摘要

The geodetic approach to monitor the Enguri Dam and its reservoir integrates Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) and satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery (SAR) to quantify both structural deformation as well as regional displacements that might force the dam. A network comprising ten GNSS stations and six radar reflectors was established on the dam and along the neighboring Ingirishi Fault providing millimeter-level accuracy for 3D displacement monitoring with high temporal resolution. Complementing this, Persistent Scatterers (PS) as obtained from an interferometric processing of SAR images (PS-InSAR) data elucidate surface movement patterns at the dam and its surrounding areas. Analysis of GNSS processing results reveal that displacement trajectories of the dam's stations form a hysteresis loop, predominantly lying in the vertical plane. The maximum observed displacements reach up to 8.5 cm in the horizontal direction and 3 cm in the vertical direction. Through the application of the Hydrostatic-Season-Time (HST) model, hydrostatic and seasonal deformation components are disentangled, demonstrating that vertical displacements are primarily driven by seasonal effects. These comprehensive analyses provide critical insights into the dam's deformation dynamics, contributing to the safety of its infrastructure.