Wanderungen potamodromer Cypriniden in einer Kraftwerkskette
摘要
The migrations of adult fish of the cyprinid species chub (Squalius cephalus), nase (Chondrostoma nasus) and barbel (Barbus barbus) were studied over one year using radio telemetry at a chain of 5 medium-sized run-of-river power plants on the Mur river in southern Styria (Austria). The power plants each have 2 Kaplan turbines, intake screens with a clear width of 10 cm, and discharge flows of 200-260 m3/s. Downstream migration across power plants took place all year round. The increased migration activity in early summer can be interpreted as post-spawning migration. For the 216 fish studied, an average of 0.63 downstream and 0.48 upstream passages were found, with comparatively little difference between the species. Only the fishways can be used for the upstream migrations, turbines, weirs or fishways for downstream migrations. Combining the annual descent rate with the proportion of turbine passages, this results in a mean value of 0.28 turbine passages per year. The recorded mobility reflects the situation in a structurally poor chain of comparatively small impoundments. The results serve as a basis for modelling the influence of turbine-related impacts on populations of potamodromous fish species.