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Background and aim <p>The heterogeneous use of terms relating to interprofessional collaboration in the healthcare sector is a&#xa0;recurring theme and thus a&#xa0;reason for an in-depth analysis of terms. The aim is to analyze the definitional features and characteristics of the terms collaboration, cooperation, coordination, networking and teamwork in an interprofessional context and to identify similarities and distinctions between the terms.</p> Methods <p>An extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, Livivo, Psyndex and PsycINFO databases for the period 2000–2020. As a&#xa0;next step, a&#xa0;thematic analysis was carried out to analyze definitional features and characteristics and to discuss them in regular analytical sessions. Subsequently, similarities and differences between the terms were assigned based on the input-process-output (IPO) model.</p> Results <p>After researching and reviewing the full texts for suitability, 118 articles were included in the thematic analysis. It became apparent that the terms were used differently. It is particularly striking that the terms collaboration, cooperation and teamwork are used almost excessively in the included articles. This significantly reduces their conceptual distinctiveness, making it almost impossible to draw a&#xa0;clear distinction between them; however, classifying the respective characteristics systematically using the IPO model enables the similarities and differences between the terms to be identified in a&#xa0;structured manner.</p> Conclusion <p>The terms analyzed are hardly used with any clarity; however, standardized formulations and definitions are essential in interprofessional training for healthcare professions, for example, at the level of competence descriptions. Further research should aim to operationalize these terms.</p>

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Interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit in der Gesundheitsversorgung – eine Analyse verwandter Begrifflichkeiten

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月9日

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  • Marietta Handgraaf,
  • Martina Schlüter-Cruse,
  • Anita Hausen

摘要

Background and aim

The heterogeneous use of terms relating to interprofessional collaboration in the healthcare sector is a recurring theme and thus a reason for an in-depth analysis of terms. The aim is to analyze the definitional features and characteristics of the terms collaboration, cooperation, coordination, networking and teamwork in an interprofessional context and to identify similarities and distinctions between the terms.

Methods

An extensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, Livivo, Psyndex and PsycINFO databases for the period 2000–2020. As a next step, a thematic analysis was carried out to analyze definitional features and characteristics and to discuss them in regular analytical sessions. Subsequently, similarities and differences between the terms were assigned based on the input-process-output (IPO) model.

Results

After researching and reviewing the full texts for suitability, 118 articles were included in the thematic analysis. It became apparent that the terms were used differently. It is particularly striking that the terms collaboration, cooperation and teamwork are used almost excessively in the included articles. This significantly reduces their conceptual distinctiveness, making it almost impossible to draw a clear distinction between them; however, classifying the respective characteristics systematically using the IPO model enables the similarities and differences between the terms to be identified in a structured manner.

Conclusion

The terms analyzed are hardly used with any clarity; however, standardized formulations and definitions are essential in interprofessional training for healthcare professions, for example, at the level of competence descriptions. Further research should aim to operationalize these terms.