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<p>The development of efficient materials to eliminate organic pollutants from wastewater remains a serious challenge. In this context, this study focuses on a Clay-Wet Olive Pomace (Clay-WOP) composite that represents a sustainable and low-cost material for combined adsorption–photocatalysis, aligning with eco-design and circular economy principles. The natural abundance and affordability of clay coupled with the valorization of olive agro-waste yield a bio-based composite with enhanced surface reactivity and light absorption. The composite was prepared via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), an eco-friendly process carried out in a closed aqueous system minimizing gas emissions and energy consumption. The optimal synthesis conditions (189&#xa0;°C, 216&#xa0;min, clay/WOP ratio of 3) were determined by response surface methodology. To confirm its enhanced properties, a characterization by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed. The clay-WOP composite exhibited dual functionality, achieving a significant adsorption capacity (58&#xa0;mg/g) for methylene blue (MB) and a high photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 95% under solar irradiation within 180&#xa0;min. Furthermore, the composite demonstrated excellent reusability and good structural stability, maintaining significant performance over three consecutive cycles. These results underline the potential of Clay-WOP composites as a sustainable material and effective material for advanced wastewater treatment.</p>

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Preparation optimization of a clay-wet olive pomace composite by hydrothermal carbonization: application for adsorption-photodegradation of methylene blue

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • J Hanyny,
  • Z. Izghri,
  • F. Yaacoubi,
  • C. Sekkouri,
  • I. Rabichi,
  • Y. Beddach,
  • L. El Gaini,
  • A. Baçaoui,
  • A. Yaacoubi

摘要

The development of efficient materials to eliminate organic pollutants from wastewater remains a serious challenge. In this context, this study focuses on a Clay-Wet Olive Pomace (Clay-WOP) composite that represents a sustainable and low-cost material for combined adsorption–photocatalysis, aligning with eco-design and circular economy principles. The natural abundance and affordability of clay coupled with the valorization of olive agro-waste yield a bio-based composite with enhanced surface reactivity and light absorption. The composite was prepared via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), an eco-friendly process carried out in a closed aqueous system minimizing gas emissions and energy consumption. The optimal synthesis conditions (189 °C, 216 min, clay/WOP ratio of 3) were determined by response surface methodology. To confirm its enhanced properties, a characterization by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was performed. The clay-WOP composite exhibited dual functionality, achieving a significant adsorption capacity (58 mg/g) for methylene blue (MB) and a high photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 95% under solar irradiation within 180 min. Furthermore, the composite demonstrated excellent reusability and good structural stability, maintaining significant performance over three consecutive cycles. These results underline the potential of Clay-WOP composites as a sustainable material and effective material for advanced wastewater treatment.