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<p>Solar power plants, as major renewable energy sources, play a critical role in reducing dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating environmental pollution. However, their actual performance is strongly influenced by environmental factors such as solar irradiance and dust deposition, which can significantly reduce system efficiency and key economic performance metrics. This study investigates the simultaneous effects of solar irradiance and dust accumulation on the technical and economic performance of solar power systems. This methodology was applied for a 10&#xa0;MW photovoltaic power plant across 18 cities in Iran. Simulations were conducted using RETScreen Expert and ArcGIS software. Dust intensity was characterized using the PM2.5/PM10 &gt; 0.3, while climatic conditions were classified based on solar irradiance levels. Key economic indicators including Energy Production Cost (EPC), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PBP) were evaluated. The results show that the energy production cost varies between 3.35 and 7.75&#xa0;¢/kWh, and the payback period ranges from 1.1 to 8.7&#xa0;years across different climatic zones. When compared with the existing feed-in tariff of 3.67 ¢/kWh, the deviation of the required tariff from the base value ranges from −&#xa0;8.71 to +111%. These findings highlight the necessity of adopting climate and dust-adjusted feed-in tariff schemes to ensure the economic sustainability and investment equity of solar photovoltaic power plants, particularly in regions with heterogeneous environmental conditions.</p>

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Evaluating climate and dust effects on solar PV performance and costs: towards dynamic tariffs for investment optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • S. Abbasi,
  • M. Abbaspour,
  • M. Ghodsi Hassanabad,
  • S. A. R. Haji Seyed Mirzahosseini

摘要

Solar power plants, as major renewable energy sources, play a critical role in reducing dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating environmental pollution. However, their actual performance is strongly influenced by environmental factors such as solar irradiance and dust deposition, which can significantly reduce system efficiency and key economic performance metrics. This study investigates the simultaneous effects of solar irradiance and dust accumulation on the technical and economic performance of solar power systems. This methodology was applied for a 10 MW photovoltaic power plant across 18 cities in Iran. Simulations were conducted using RETScreen Expert and ArcGIS software. Dust intensity was characterized using the PM2.5/PM10 > 0.3, while climatic conditions were classified based on solar irradiance levels. Key economic indicators including Energy Production Cost (EPC), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period (PBP) were evaluated. The results show that the energy production cost varies between 3.35 and 7.75 ¢/kWh, and the payback period ranges from 1.1 to 8.7 years across different climatic zones. When compared with the existing feed-in tariff of 3.67 ¢/kWh, the deviation of the required tariff from the base value ranges from − 8.71 to +111%. These findings highlight the necessity of adopting climate and dust-adjusted feed-in tariff schemes to ensure the economic sustainability and investment equity of solar photovoltaic power plants, particularly in regions with heterogeneous environmental conditions.