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<p>This study presents a green synthesis of pristine cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) and optimized 5% nickel doped cerium oxide nanoparticles (Ni-doped CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs) using leaf extract of <i>Grewia asiatica</i>. The as-synthesized NPs were comprehensively characterized to evaluate their physicochemical properties. X-ray diffraction confirmed high crystallinity and cubic fluorite structure for both the samples, while UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy revealed narrow band gap for CeO<sub>2</sub> (2.8&#xa0;eV) and Ni-doped CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs (2.1&#xa0;eV),respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed characteristic Ce–O bonding, and thermogravimetric analysis results demonstrated enhanced thermal stability. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies revealed spherical morphology, and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis evidenced a higher oxygen vacancy concentration upon Ni<sup>2+</sup> incorporation. The photocatalytic activity of the NPs was evaluated under direct sunlight for the degradation of MB and RhB dye in single and binary dye systems. The optimized 5% Ni-doped CeO<sub>2</sub> NPs achieved 92% degradation of MB in 60&#xa0;min. However, in the binary dye system, MB was efficiently degraded (95% in 60&#xa0;min) whereas RhB removal was limited (18%), indicating selective photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, a preliminary cytotoxicity assessment using L929 cells was performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of photocatalytically treated dye solutions.</p>

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Sustainable synthesis and photocatalytic activity of Ni-doped CeO2 NPs in the removal of mixed dye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • M. K. Khan,
  • N. Ansari,
  • S. A. Ahmad,
  • Z. Khan,
  • M. F. A. Ahmad

摘要

This study presents a green synthesis of pristine cerium oxide (CeO2) and optimized 5% nickel doped cerium oxide nanoparticles (Ni-doped CeO2 NPs) using leaf extract of Grewia asiatica. The as-synthesized NPs were comprehensively characterized to evaluate their physicochemical properties. X-ray diffraction confirmed high crystallinity and cubic fluorite structure for both the samples, while UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy revealed narrow band gap for CeO2 (2.8 eV) and Ni-doped CeO2 NPs (2.1 eV),respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed characteristic Ce–O bonding, and thermogravimetric analysis results demonstrated enhanced thermal stability. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies revealed spherical morphology, and electron paramagnetic resonance analysis evidenced a higher oxygen vacancy concentration upon Ni2+ incorporation. The photocatalytic activity of the NPs was evaluated under direct sunlight for the degradation of MB and RhB dye in single and binary dye systems. The optimized 5% Ni-doped CeO2 NPs achieved 92% degradation of MB in 60 min. However, in the binary dye system, MB was efficiently degraded (95% in 60 min) whereas RhB removal was limited (18%), indicating selective photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, a preliminary cytotoxicity assessment using L929 cells was performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of photocatalytically treated dye solutions.