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<p>The utilization of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) as a biomaterial for metal recovery has the potential to enhance the economic and environmental aspects of contaminant adsorption. In this study, the optimization of operational parameters and the phenomenological mechanisms involved in copper biosorption by AGS were investigated. A Box-Behnken experimental design was used for the optimization of copper biosorption with AGS. The experiment showed that the optimal parameters for copper biosorption were sludge concentration of 1&#xa0;gTS&#xa0;L<sup>−1</sup>, pH 6, and contact time of 6&#xa0;h for the highest copper removal (30.65%). The tested temperature (18–26&#xa0;°C) was not relevant in the process. The pseudo-second order kinetics (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9721) and the Langmuir isotherm (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9716, maximum adsorption capacity = 140.85&#xa0;mg&#xa0;gST<sup>−1</sup>) described the biosorption of copper by AGS. The solution of the differential equations governing the phenomenological mechanisms revealed that adsorption on active sites dominates the copper adsorption process in AGS during the first 2.75&#xa0;h. However, beyond this initial period, all mass transfer mechanisms (external diffusion, intraparticle diffusion, and adsorption at active sites) become equally relevant. In this study, the feasibility and efficiency of copper biosorption were demonstrated, establishing an alternative process for the copper removal using AGS.</p>

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Copper biosorption by aerobic granular sludge developed from landfill leachate: optimization and phenomenological insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月23日

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  • M. Quiroz,
  • J. Mansilla,
  • C. Arriagada,
  • C. Espinoza,
  • D. Contreras,
  • J. J. Gallardo-Rodríguez,
  • M. Roeckel,
  • V. Guzmán-Fierro

摘要

The utilization of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) as a biomaterial for metal recovery has the potential to enhance the economic and environmental aspects of contaminant adsorption. In this study, the optimization of operational parameters and the phenomenological mechanisms involved in copper biosorption by AGS were investigated. A Box-Behnken experimental design was used for the optimization of copper biosorption with AGS. The experiment showed that the optimal parameters for copper biosorption were sludge concentration of 1 gTS L−1, pH 6, and contact time of 6 h for the highest copper removal (30.65%). The tested temperature (18–26 °C) was not relevant in the process. The pseudo-second order kinetics (R2 = 0.9721) and the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.9716, maximum adsorption capacity = 140.85 mg gST−1) described the biosorption of copper by AGS. The solution of the differential equations governing the phenomenological mechanisms revealed that adsorption on active sites dominates the copper adsorption process in AGS during the first 2.75 h. However, beyond this initial period, all mass transfer mechanisms (external diffusion, intraparticle diffusion, and adsorption at active sites) become equally relevant. In this study, the feasibility and efficiency of copper biosorption were demonstrated, establishing an alternative process for the copper removal using AGS.