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<p>The urban heat island (UHI) effect has become a serious environmental challenge in the global urbanization process. This study provides a systematic review of the mechanisms influencing factors, methods and optimization strategies of urban forests as a key natural solution for mitigating the UHI effect. This review integrated 140 pieces of literature from 2010 to 2025. This manuscript elucidated the cooling mechanisms of urban forests and analyzed various key factors that influence their cooling effects. It also summarized the primary research methods for evaluating the cooling performance of urban forests. Based on these findings, it proposed targeted planning and management strategies. This manuscript provides valuable evidence and practical guidance for enhancing the heat-reduction benefits of urban forests, thus helping mitigate the urban heat island effect.</p>

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Urban forests as an approach to mitigate urban heat island effects: Mechanisms, methods, and planning strategies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • T. Hu,
  • C. Miao

摘要

The urban heat island (UHI) effect has become a serious environmental challenge in the global urbanization process. This study provides a systematic review of the mechanisms influencing factors, methods and optimization strategies of urban forests as a key natural solution for mitigating the UHI effect. This review integrated 140 pieces of literature from 2010 to 2025. This manuscript elucidated the cooling mechanisms of urban forests and analyzed various key factors that influence their cooling effects. It also summarized the primary research methods for evaluating the cooling performance of urban forests. Based on these findings, it proposed targeted planning and management strategies. This manuscript provides valuable evidence and practical guidance for enhancing the heat-reduction benefits of urban forests, thus helping mitigate the urban heat island effect.