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<p>Environmental remediation presents a significant challenge for scientists today. Researchers are exploring new methods, techniques, and materials to drive transformative advancements in this field. Traditional approaches to waste disposal and treatment face limitations, including high costs, environmental challenges, and reduced effectiveness at managing pollutant concentrations. Hazardous chemicals exist in various forms, depending on their availability and potential impact on living organisms. Remediation aims to reduce the concentration and bioavailability of these harmful compounds by converting them into safer or more beneficial forms, thereby addressing pollution issues. This comprehensive review examines emerging materials, particularly those of biological origin, including plants, agricultural waste, bacteria, algae, and fungi. We examine a wide array of materials designed to treat different environmental segments, including water, air, soil, and food, and describe various processing methods that enable these biological materials to serve specific remediation applications.</p>

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Biological agents and biomaterials for environmental remediation: applications in water, soil, and air

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月19日

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  • I U. Islam,
  • S. Bano,
  • M. Mehwish,
  • M. Altaf,
  • R. Shoaib,
  • X. Hu,
  • D. Li,
  • Z. Xiaolian,
  • W. Fatima,
  • N. Shah,
  • X. Wang,
  • E. Yabalak

摘要

Environmental remediation presents a significant challenge for scientists today. Researchers are exploring new methods, techniques, and materials to drive transformative advancements in this field. Traditional approaches to waste disposal and treatment face limitations, including high costs, environmental challenges, and reduced effectiveness at managing pollutant concentrations. Hazardous chemicals exist in various forms, depending on their availability and potential impact on living organisms. Remediation aims to reduce the concentration and bioavailability of these harmful compounds by converting them into safer or more beneficial forms, thereby addressing pollution issues. This comprehensive review examines emerging materials, particularly those of biological origin, including plants, agricultural waste, bacteria, algae, and fungi. We examine a wide array of materials designed to treat different environmental segments, including water, air, soil, and food, and describe various processing methods that enable these biological materials to serve specific remediation applications.