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<p>This study assesses the environmental and economic impacts of a natural gas-fired thermal power plant in Tehran using life cycle analysis and environmental cost accounting. The analysis considers key environmental categories, including global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, water consumption, thermal pollution, and particulate matter formation. This study used a life cycle analysis framework integrated with environmental cost accounting to assess the environmental costs of a natural gas-fired thermal power plant in Tehran. The study covered the entire life cycle of the power plant, including fuel extraction, transportation, electricity generation, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste management. The environmental impacts were then quantified in financial terms to estimate the economic burden associated with these impacts, providing a comprehensive view of the plant’s environmental footprint. The results show that the plant emits 451.5&#xa0;kg CO<sub>2</sub> equivalent per megawatt-hour, with a total annual emission of 1.63 million tons of CO<sub>2</sub> equivalent, which significantly contributes to global climate change. The plant’s high levels of NOx and SOx emissions, which contribute to acidification and air pollution, are also of concern, along with the plant’s annual water consumption of 10.8 million cubic meters, which leads to water shortages and thermal pollution in Tehran. The economic costs associated with these environmental impacts are estimated at $31.20 per megawatt-hour, indicating hidden social costs related to public health and environmental degradation. The study emphasizes the need for policy interventions, such as upgrading emission control technologies, reducing water consumption through dry cooling systems, and transitioning to renewable energy sources to reduce the environmental and economic burdens of thermal power generation. This study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the water-energy nexus in managing resource interdependencies and achieving long-term sustainability in urban energy systems.</p>

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Assessing the environmental costs of a thermal power plant in tehran using life cycle analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • N Javidi,
  • G Nabi Bidhendi,
  • O Tavakoli,
  • N Mehrdadi

摘要

This study assesses the environmental and economic impacts of a natural gas-fired thermal power plant in Tehran using life cycle analysis and environmental cost accounting. The analysis considers key environmental categories, including global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, water consumption, thermal pollution, and particulate matter formation. This study used a life cycle analysis framework integrated with environmental cost accounting to assess the environmental costs of a natural gas-fired thermal power plant in Tehran. The study covered the entire life cycle of the power plant, including fuel extraction, transportation, electricity generation, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste management. The environmental impacts were then quantified in financial terms to estimate the economic burden associated with these impacts, providing a comprehensive view of the plant’s environmental footprint. The results show that the plant emits 451.5 kg CO2 equivalent per megawatt-hour, with a total annual emission of 1.63 million tons of CO2 equivalent, which significantly contributes to global climate change. The plant’s high levels of NOx and SOx emissions, which contribute to acidification and air pollution, are also of concern, along with the plant’s annual water consumption of 10.8 million cubic meters, which leads to water shortages and thermal pollution in Tehran. The economic costs associated with these environmental impacts are estimated at $31.20 per megawatt-hour, indicating hidden social costs related to public health and environmental degradation. The study emphasizes the need for policy interventions, such as upgrading emission control technologies, reducing water consumption through dry cooling systems, and transitioning to renewable energy sources to reduce the environmental and economic burdens of thermal power generation. This study also emphasizes the importance of understanding the water-energy nexus in managing resource interdependencies and achieving long-term sustainability in urban energy systems.