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<p>The present study investigates and compares the adsorption performance of two biochars derived from agricultural wastes: Filao and Citrus tree wastes, to adsorb ammonium ions, orthophosphates, phenols, and chemical oxygen demand from two types of wastewaters: secondary treated urban wastewater and table olive processing industry wastewater. The study is grounded in the principles of adsorption and surface chemistry, highlighting the interactions between pollutants and biochar surfaces. Biochars were produced by slow pyrolysis and characterized using EDX, FTIR, and SEM analyses to determine their physicochemical properties. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of contact time on pollutant removal. The maximal adsorption capacities of Filao biochar in secondary wastewater were 26.5, 31.4, 1.8, and 2.3&#xa0;mg/g for chemical oxygen demand, ammonium, phenols, and orthophosphates, respectively, while in table olive processing wastewater, these capacities were 26.3, 370, 194.2, and 36.14&#xa0;mg/g, respectively. Overall, Filao biochar exhibited higher adsorption performance compared to Citrus biochar. For both biochars, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided an excellent fit for the adsorption of all pollutants, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.9. Intra-particle diffusion analysis indicated that adsorption was not limited by a single rate-controlling step. Potential adsorption mechanisms for each pollutant are discussed. Statistical analysis using correlation matrices revealed strong linear relationships between pollutant removal efficiency, biochar properties, and wastewater characteristics. These results suggest that Filao biochar is a promising adsorbent for the efficient removal of multiple pollutants from different wastewater types.</p>

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Adsorption capacity assessment of biochar from two agricultural wastes for urban and agri-food industrial wastewater treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • I. Zehouani,
  • L. Mandi,
  • S. El Barkaoui,
  • S. Sbahi,
  • N. Ouazzani

摘要

The present study investigates and compares the adsorption performance of two biochars derived from agricultural wastes: Filao and Citrus tree wastes, to adsorb ammonium ions, orthophosphates, phenols, and chemical oxygen demand from two types of wastewaters: secondary treated urban wastewater and table olive processing industry wastewater. The study is grounded in the principles of adsorption and surface chemistry, highlighting the interactions between pollutants and biochar surfaces. Biochars were produced by slow pyrolysis and characterized using EDX, FTIR, and SEM analyses to determine their physicochemical properties. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of contact time on pollutant removal. The maximal adsorption capacities of Filao biochar in secondary wastewater were 26.5, 31.4, 1.8, and 2.3 mg/g for chemical oxygen demand, ammonium, phenols, and orthophosphates, respectively, while in table olive processing wastewater, these capacities were 26.3, 370, 194.2, and 36.14 mg/g, respectively. Overall, Filao biochar exhibited higher adsorption performance compared to Citrus biochar. For both biochars, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provided an excellent fit for the adsorption of all pollutants, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.9. Intra-particle diffusion analysis indicated that adsorption was not limited by a single rate-controlling step. Potential adsorption mechanisms for each pollutant are discussed. Statistical analysis using correlation matrices revealed strong linear relationships between pollutant removal efficiency, biochar properties, and wastewater characteristics. These results suggest that Filao biochar is a promising adsorbent for the efficient removal of multiple pollutants from different wastewater types.