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<p>Dealing with olive mill wastewater in Jordan poses a significant challenge, prompting the exploration of various management methods. In this study, different combinations of materials were prepared using the Pechini approach through two distinct methods: physical mixing and an in-situ approach involving adsorbents such as volcanic tuff commercial granular activated carbon, and MnZrO<sub>3</sub> Nano photocatalyst. The combined materials were characterized through a Brunauer Emmett-Teller isotherm, scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared, and point of zero charge analysis. Results confirmed that incorporating volcanic tuff with smaller particle size (less than 45&#xa0;μm) into MnZrO<sub>3</sub> via the in-situ method significantly reduced chemical oxygen demand and total phenolic compounds, achieving removal rates of 65% and 86%, respectively. The in-situ approach also resulted in a combined material with a surface area of 1.72 m<sup>2</sup>/g, scanning electron microscope analysis revealing higher porosity and surface roughness. Despite its effectiveness, further research is necessary to optimize scale-up approaches, considering the associated costs. Additionally, the incorporation of commercial granular activated carbon ULTRA-type markedly enhanced the removal efficiency of both total phenolic compounds and chemical oxygen demand.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Synergistic remediation of olive mill wastewater using volcanic tuff, nano photocatalysts, and activated carbon

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月15日

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  • D. Abu-Dalo,
  • M. Abu-Dalo,
  • A. Al Bawab

摘要

Dealing with olive mill wastewater in Jordan poses a significant challenge, prompting the exploration of various management methods. In this study, different combinations of materials were prepared using the Pechini approach through two distinct methods: physical mixing and an in-situ approach involving adsorbents such as volcanic tuff commercial granular activated carbon, and MnZrO3 Nano photocatalyst. The combined materials were characterized through a Brunauer Emmett-Teller isotherm, scanning electron microscope, Fourier-transform infrared, and point of zero charge analysis. Results confirmed that incorporating volcanic tuff with smaller particle size (less than 45 μm) into MnZrO3 via the in-situ method significantly reduced chemical oxygen demand and total phenolic compounds, achieving removal rates of 65% and 86%, respectively. The in-situ approach also resulted in a combined material with a surface area of 1.72 m2/g, scanning electron microscope analysis revealing higher porosity and surface roughness. Despite its effectiveness, further research is necessary to optimize scale-up approaches, considering the associated costs. Additionally, the incorporation of commercial granular activated carbon ULTRA-type markedly enhanced the removal efficiency of both total phenolic compounds and chemical oxygen demand.

Graphic abstract