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<p>The pollution of aquatic ecosystems is a critical issue today, driven by the need to ensure access to safe drinking water and food security for all. In the Dimbokro department of Côte d’Ivoire, the N’Zi River serves as a vital resource for meeting the daily needs of the local population. However, anthropogenic activities, particularly gold panning, are conducted near the river and are likely to contaminate its water and sediments with trace metal elements, including mercury, cadmium, iron, lead, and arsenic. This study aims to evaluate the levels and sources of trace metal elements contamination in the N’Zi River water and to assess its overall quality. Water samples were collected from twenty-two sites across two seasons in 2024 and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-argon emission spectrometry. The results were compared with the standard limit values. Water quality was assessed using the degree of contamination, the Heavy Metal Pollution Index, and the Water Quality Index, alongside multivariate statistical methods. The Kruskal-Walli’s test indicated no significant seasonal differences (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) for many parameters. Principal component analysis identified three key factors explaining 74.95% of the variation in water quality, pointing to anthropogenic sources of pollution. The Water Quality Index values were higher in the dry season (16.40–68.51) than in the wet season (12.52–43.18), reflecting the combined influence of multiple factors on water quality. These findings provide valuable insights into the state of the N’Zi River.</p>

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Heavy metal contamination in N’Zi river waters: assessment of pollution impact on aquatic environmental quality

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月4日

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  • M. Dagnoko,
  • K. N. Aboua,
  • L. Meite,
  • K. J. T. Koffi,
  • M. P. Soro,
  • K. R. N’guettia,
  • M. Kone,
  • K. S. Traore

摘要

The pollution of aquatic ecosystems is a critical issue today, driven by the need to ensure access to safe drinking water and food security for all. In the Dimbokro department of Côte d’Ivoire, the N’Zi River serves as a vital resource for meeting the daily needs of the local population. However, anthropogenic activities, particularly gold panning, are conducted near the river and are likely to contaminate its water and sediments with trace metal elements, including mercury, cadmium, iron, lead, and arsenic. This study aims to evaluate the levels and sources of trace metal elements contamination in the N’Zi River water and to assess its overall quality. Water samples were collected from twenty-two sites across two seasons in 2024 and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-argon emission spectrometry. The results were compared with the standard limit values. Water quality was assessed using the degree of contamination, the Heavy Metal Pollution Index, and the Water Quality Index, alongside multivariate statistical methods. The Kruskal-Walli’s test indicated no significant seasonal differences (p > 0.05) for many parameters. Principal component analysis identified three key factors explaining 74.95% of the variation in water quality, pointing to anthropogenic sources of pollution. The Water Quality Index values were higher in the dry season (16.40–68.51) than in the wet season (12.52–43.18), reflecting the combined influence of multiple factors on water quality. These findings provide valuable insights into the state of the N’Zi River.